Bottlebrush polymers (BBPs) have emerged as intriguing class of materials for an array of applications, including supersoft elastomers, organic optoelectronics, templates for crafting one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials, energy storage, and biomedical devices. The densely-grafted side chains along the linear backbones afford BBPs with extended cylindrical shapes and the absence of entanglements. The architectures of BBPs can be readily tuned by manipulating the chemical structures and compositions, both of which govern the viscoelastic properties, melt processability, and alignment of BBPs. This enables the crafting of BBPs with controlled dimensions, compositions, and architectures by capitalizing on advanced synthetic techniques. However, challenges remain in the synthesis and applications of BBPs with precisely controlled architectures. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical summary that highlights the recent advances in BBPs in terms of their controlled syntheses, self-assembly, properties, and applications. In addition, challenges facing the syntheses and applications of BBPs will be underscored, with the corresponding solutions to these issues for improving the control over chemical structures (e.g., introducing conjugated side chains), compositions (e.g., other than the widely used polynorbornene or polyacrylate backbone), and utilities (e.g., as solid-state electrolyte in energy storage devices) of BBPs.

洗瓶刷聚合物（BBP）已成为一类引人入胜的材料，可用于一系列应用，包括超软弹性体，有机光电，用于制作一维（1D）纳米材料的模板，能量存储和生物医学设备。沿线性主链的密集接枝侧链可提供具有扩展圆柱形状且无缠结的BBP。BBP的体系结构可以通过控制化学结构和组成来轻松调整，这两种化学结构和组成决定了BBP的粘弹性，熔体加工性和排列性。这可以通过利用先进的合成技术来制作具有受控尺寸，组成和结构的BBP。但是，在具有精确控制的体系结构的BBP的合成和应用中仍然存在挑战。这篇综述旨在提供全面而关键的摘要，从受控合成，自组装，性质和应用方面重点介绍BBP的最新进展。此外，将着重介绍BBP的合成和应用所面临的挑战，并针对这些问题提供相应的解决方案，以改善对化学结构（例如，引入共轭侧链），组成（例如，除广泛使用的聚降冰片烯或聚丙烯酸酯之外）的控制主干）和BBP的实用程序（例如，作为能量存储设备中的固态电解质）。