This work focuses on determining the optimal design for field widening, and thermal and achromatic compensating a static Mars wind imaging Michelson interferometer (MWIMI). The target lines of MWIMI are emission lines in the 1.27 µm band of the O₂(¹Δ_g) airglow. These emissions allow the dynamics of the Martian atmosphere from ~5 km to ~60 km to be observed. Two designs, a three-layer (consisting of two arm glasses and an air gap) and a four-layer (consisting of three arm glasses and an air gap) are examined for a path difference of 10 cm. All possible glass combinations from the SCHOTT glass catalog for these two designs are considered using a computer matching program to determine the optimal ones. The optimal glass combinations are listed and their properties are discussed. The error caused by the misalignment/tilt of optical surface, the homogeneity of glass, the variation of ambient temperature, the glass thickness error and the refractive index error is analyzed. The limits of the tilt angle of optical surface and the homogeneity for MWIMI are provided. The optical path difference varies by less than 0.1 wavelengths over the 5° angular range passing through the interferometer when the variation of ambient temperature and the thickness and refractive index uncertainties are considered. The wind velocity error, the primary factor for characterizing a field-widened Michelson interferometer, is analyzed. Calculations show that the wind speed uncertainty can be better than 1 m s ^− 1 for an altitude range of 0 – 90 km during daytime and is better than 6 m s ^− 1 for an altitude range of 0 – 75 km during nighttime.

这项工作的重点是确定最佳设计，以扩大视场，并补偿热和消色差，以补偿静态火星风成像迈克尔逊干涉仪（MWIMI）。MWIMI的目标线是的1.27微米波段的发射线将O ₂（¹ Δ_克）气辉。这些排放可以观测到火星大气层从约5 km到约60 km的动态。检查两种设计，三层（由两个臂镜和一个气隙组成）和四层（由三个臂镜和一个气隙组成），其路径差为10 cm。肖特玻璃目录中针对这两种设计的所有可能的玻璃组合都使用计算机匹配程序来考虑，以确定最佳的玻璃组合。列出了最佳的玻璃组合，并讨论了它们的性能。分析了由光学表面的未对准/倾斜，玻璃的均匀性，环境温度的变化，玻璃厚度的误差和折射率误差引起的误差。提供了光学表面倾斜角的限制和MWIMI的均匀性。当考虑环境温度的变化以及厚度和折射率的不确定性时，在通过干涉仪的5°角度范围内，光程差的变化小于0.1个波长。分析了风速误差，这是表征加宽的迈克尔逊干涉仪的主要因素。计算表明，风速不确定性可以优于1 mš  ^{-  1}为0-5的高度范围- 90公里白天和优于6米小号 ^{-  1}为0-5的高度范围-在夜间75公里。