Body image problems are reported during middle childhood and are associated with exposure to appearance-focused media. This longitudinal study investigated the extent to which three media influence components, Awareness, Pressure, and Internalization of media ideals, predict body image and eating problems in children and whether gender moderates this effect. A total sample of N = 688 participants (46 % girls, aged 8−11 at T1) was studied. Self-report questionnaires were administered on the media influence components, body image and eating problems at T1 and T2 (1 year later). After controlling for age, adjusted body mass index and baseline levels of body image and eating problems, results show that media influence components significantly predicted Restraint and Concerns about Eating, Weight, and Shape one year later. Awareness, however, uniquely predicted increases in Eating Concerns in boys, while Pressure predicted increases in Concerns on Eating, Weight, and Shape in girls only. The current results indicate that media influences, some of which may be gender-specific risk factors, predict subsequent body image concerns of girls and boys during middle childhood. Thus, both boys and girls should be addressed in future research and prevention programs.

据报道，在童年中期出现身体图像问题，并与注重外观的媒体接触有关。这项纵向研究调查了三种媒介在多大程度上影响媒介理想的意识，压力和内在化，预测儿童的身体形象和饮食问题以及性别是否减轻了这种影响。N的总样本= 688名参与者（46％的女孩，在T1年龄8-11岁）进行了研究。在T1和T2（一年后）就媒体影响因素，身体形象和饮食问题进行自我报告调查表。在控制了年龄，调整后的体重指数以及身体图像和饮食问题的基线水平之后，结果表明，媒体影响因素在一年后显着预测了饮食，体重和形状的克制和担忧。然而，意识唯一地预测男孩的饮食问题增加，而压力仅预测女孩的饮食，体重和形状问题。目前的结果表明，媒体的影响（其中一些可能是针对性别的危险因素）可以预测在童年中期对男孩和女孩的身体形象的关注。因此，