This paper presents a passive vector-modulated phase shifter (VMPS). The passive X-type attenuator consisting of digitally controlled transistor-array units is employed to perform the phase-invertible gain tuning, and thus enables phase shift in all four quadrants. The Wilkinson-like power combiner is utilized to sum up the quadrature signals and avoid impedance mismatches. Analysis proves that the proposed passive VMPS can provide consistent phase-shift performance for bidirectional operation. The proof-of-concept VMPS is implemented in 40-nm CMOS technology and occupies a core chip area of 0.15 mm ² . Measured results prove that it can provide consistent bidirectional 6-bit phase-shift operation, with accurate phase tuning (i.e., RMS phase error <24°) and low gain error (i.e., ±0.6 dB) over the whole 70–90 GHz band.

中文翻译：

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CMOS双向无源矢量调制移相器的分析与设计

本文提出了一种无源矢量调制移相器（VMPS）。由数字控制的晶体管阵列单元组成的无源X型衰减器用于执行相位可逆增益调整，因此可以在所有四个象限中进行相移。类Wilkinson功率组合器用于求和正交信号并避免阻抗不匹配。分析证明，所提出的无源VMPS可以为双向操作提供一致的相移性能。概念验证VMPS以40纳米CMOS技术实现，并占据0.15 mm ²的核心芯片面积 。测量结果证明，它可以提供一致的双向6位相移操作，在整个70–90 GHz频带内具有精确的相位调谐（即RMS相位误差<24°）和低增益误差（即±0.6 dB）。 。