The largest concentration of state-level forest cost-share programs in the United States can be found in the southern states. Since the inception of the first programs in the 1970s, the state-level forest cost-share programs in the US South have acted as models for the rest of the country. Cost-share programs compensate landowners through direct reimbursements to address barriers such as limited owner capital and cash flow in the initial years of investment. Through a review of the literature and progress reports from southern state forestry agencies, we qualitatively assessed state-level cost-share programs and their status in the southern states. We identified the common themes in the literature related to cost-share programs: market, nonmarket, and landowners’ perceptions and knowledge. Many of the programs enacted between the 1970s and 1980s aimed to ensure a sustainable timber supply, a market good, from private forestlands. A few of the programs enacted more recently compensate landowners for nonmarket benefits such as forest health or soil and water conservation. Two of the nine available programs are practically inactive in recent years because of a lack of funding. We discuss current prospects regarding funding, partnerships, and broadening the focus of incentives to cover forest-based ecosystem services. Study Implications Regionally, cost-share programs in the US South differ in eligibility criteria, funding source and status, and resource management objectives. The majority of state-level cost-share programs in the US South were enacted 30 to 50 years ago. The first cost-share programs were designed to support a continued timber supply from private forestlands, but a few recent programs have expanded their objectives to protect forest health and soil and water quality. Forest-based ecosystem service markets, specifically reforestation to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide and provide clean air and water, have become more prevalent in recent years. Funding for forest commodity incentive programs is a continual challenge. New funding sources and new programs are crucial to meet demands for incentives for landowners to provide both timber and ecosystem services outputs.

中文翻译：

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美国南部森林土地所有者的州成本分摊计划：回顾

美国最集中的州级森林成本分摊项目集中在南部各州。自 1970 年代第一个计划启动以来，美国南部的州级森林成本分摊计划已成为该国其他地区的典范。成本分摊计划通过直接报销补偿土地所有者，以解决投资最初几年有限的所有者资本和现金流等障碍。通过审查来自南部州林业机构的文献和进展报告，我们定性地评估了州级成本分摊计划及其在南部各州的状况。我们确定了与成本分摊计划相关的文献中的共同主题：市场、非市场以及土地所有者的看法和知识。在 1970 年代和 1980 年代之间制定的许多计划旨在确保来自私人林地的可持续木材供应和市场商品。最近颁布的一些计划补偿了土地所有者的非市场利益，例如森林健康或水土保持。近年来，由于缺乏资金，九个可用项目中有两个实际上已停止运行。我们讨论了有关资金、伙伴关系和扩大激励重点以涵盖基于森林的生态系统服务的当前前景。研究意义 从地区来看，美国南部的成本分摊计划在资格标准、资金来源和状态以及资源管理目标方面存在差异。美国南部的大多数州级成本分摊计划都是在 30 到 50 年前制定的。第一个成本分摊计划旨在支持私人林地的持续木材供应，但最近的一些计划扩大了其目标，以保护森林健康以及土壤和水质。近年来，以森林为基础的生态系统服务市场，特别是重新造林以捕获大气中的二氧化碳并提供清洁的空气和水，变得越来越普遍。为森林商品奖励计划提供资金是一项持续的挑战。新的资金来源和新计划对于满足激励土地所有者提供木材和生态系统服务产出的需求至关重要。特别是重新造林以捕获大气中的二氧化碳并提供清洁的空气和水，近年来变得越来越普遍。为森林商品奖励计划提供资金是一项持续的挑战。新的资金来源和新计划对于满足激励土地所有者提供木材和生态系统服务产出的需求至关重要。特别是重新造林以捕获大气中的二氧化碳并提供清洁的空气和水，近年来变得越来越普遍。为森林商品奖励计划提供资金是一项持续的挑战。新的资金来源和新计划对于满足激励土地所有者提供木材和生态系统服务产出的需求至关重要。