Deciphering the cues that stimulate microorganisms to produce their full secondary metabolic potential promises to speed up the discovery of novel drugs. Ecology-relevant conditions, including carbon-source(s) and microbial interactions, are important effectors of secondary metabolite production. Vice versa secondary metabolites are important mediators in microbial interactions, although their exact natural functions are not always completely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of microbial interactions and in-culture produced antibiotics on the production of secondary metabolites by Vibrio coralliilyticus and Photobacterium galatheae, two co-occurring marine Vibrionaceae. In co-culture, production of andrimid by V. coralliilyticus and holomycin by P. galatheae, were, compared to monocultures, increased 4.3 and 2.7 fold, respectively. Co-cultures with the antibiotic deficient mutant strains (andrimid− and holomycin−) did not reveal a significant role for the competitor's antibiotic as stimulator of own secondary metabolite production. Furthermore, we observed that V. coralliilyticus detoxifies holomycin by sulphur-methylation. Results presented here indicate that ecological competition in Vibrionaceae is mediated by, and a cue for, antibiotic secondary metabolite production.

中文翻译：

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通过共同培养两种产生抗生素的海洋弧菌科菌株来增强抗生素的生产

破译刺激微生物产生其全部次生代谢潜力的线索有望加快新药的发现。生态相关条件，包括碳源和微生物相互作用，是次生代谢产物产生的重要影响因素。反之亦然，次生代谢物是微生物相互作用的重要介质，尽管它们的确切自然功能并不总是完全清楚。在这项研究中，我们研究了微生物相互作用和培养产生的抗生素对溶珊瑚弧菌和光杆菌（两种同时出现的海洋弧菌科）产生次生代谢物的影响。在共培养中，与单一培养相比，V.coralliilyticus 生产的 andrimid 和 P.galatheae 生产的全霉素分别增加了 4.3 和 2.7 倍，分别。与缺乏抗生素的突变菌株（andrimid-和全霉素-）共培养并没有揭示竞争对手的抗生素作为自身次级代谢产物产生的刺激剂的重要作用。此外，我们观察到 V.coralliilyticus 通过硫甲基化解毒全霉素。这里提供的结果表明，弧菌科的生态竞争是由抗生素次生代谢产物产生介导的，也是产生抗生素的线索。