ABSTRACT

The history of the Congo’s Armée nationale congolaise (1960–71) and Forces armées zairoïses (1971–97) between the ‘mercenaries’ mutinies’ of 1967 and the two Shaba incursions is worthy of further research. President Mobutu wished to make sure that the ANC/FAZ presented no threat to his rule, against the backdrop of scores of military coups going on across the breadth of Africa. Three key themes are evident in the history of the ANC/FAZ from 1967 to 1977, and are examined here for the first time. Mobutu controlled his armed forces mostly through divide and rule tactics, and most of the first theme discussions will focus on those affairs. The second theme is connected in a way to the first; the succession of favored praetorian guard formations. Thirdly the military linkages between the Zairian Angola incursion of 1975 and the following attempted Katangan exiles’ return to Shaba in 1977 and 1978 are sketched more strongly. A link between the second and third themes is provided by a solid background, for the first time, for the establishment of the Kamanyola Division, long an anomaly amongst Mobutu’s favored forces.

摘要

在1967年的“雇佣兵叛变”与两次沙巴入侵之间的刚果国家武装（1960–71年）和武装部队zairoïses（1971–97年）的历史值得进一步研究。蒙博托总统希望确保在整个非洲范围内发生数十次军事政变的背景下，非国大/ FAZ对他的统治不构成任何威胁。在ANC / FAZ从1967年到1977年的历史中，三个关键主题显而易见，并且在此进行了首次审查。蒙博托主要通过分而治之的策略控制了他的武装部队，而大多数有关第一个主题的讨论将集中在这些事务上。第二个主题与第一个主题有某种联系。偏爱的普雷托里亚后卫编队的继任者。第三，更强烈地勾勒了1975年扎伊尔·安哥拉入侵与随后的1977年和1978年加丹加流亡者企图返回沙巴的军事联系。第二个主题和第三个主题之间的联系是由坚实的背景首次提供的，以建立Kamanyola师，这长期以来是蒙博托青睐的部队中的反常现象。