ABSTRACT

This study aimed to assess the status of seawater quality in the Western Mediterranean Sea, Egypt. The measurement of seawater quality was carried out at two regions, namely El Dekhila harbour and Abu Talat regions (2018–2019). The investigated parameters included pH, salinity, DO, BOD, COD, nutrient salts, metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) as well as Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and total phenol concentration. The range and the average values of nutrient salts (μM) in El Dekhila harbour were: 0.10–3.10 (1.50 ± 1.0), 0.6–52.60 (18.50 ± 16.4), 0.40–10.0 (3.6 ± 2.9) and 3.5–113.0 (32.3 ± 30.9) for PO₄-P, NH₄-N, NO₂-N, NO₃-N and SiO₄-Si, respectively. While in the Abu Talat region, they were 0.1–1.20 (0.32 ± 0.30), 1.34–10.8 (4.61 ± 2.5), 0.07–1.18 (0.38 ± 0.3), 0.31–30.19 (7.69 ± 8.0) and 0.10–14.44 (4.56 ± 4.0) for the same parameters, respectively. The studied metals in the two regions arranged in the following order: Fe > Zn > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cd. The metals concentration in El Dekhila harbour was two to sixfolds higher than those recorded in the Abu Talat region. The levels of Chl-a content (0.22–26.97 µg/L) and total phenol concentration (0.75–70.75 µg/L) revealed wide variations from site to another. The ecological risk of nitrogen and phosphorus data using two trophic state indices showed that the study area lies between low and high trophic state. El Dekhila harbour has the lowest water quality compared with those computed in the Abu Talat area where the difference ranged from two to five times in WQI. Analysis of the test of variance (ANOVA) showed that the mean concentrations for all parameters across the two regions differed significantly at a significance level of 0.05.

摘要

本研究旨在评估埃及西地中海的海水质量状况。海水质量的测量在两个地区进行，即 El Dekhila 港口和 Abu Talat 地区（2018-2019 年）。研究的参数包括 pH、盐度、DO、BOD、COD、营养盐、金属（Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd）以及叶绿素 a (Chl-a) 和总酚浓度。El Dekhila港口营养盐（μM）的范围和平均值为：0.10-3.10（1.50±1.0），0.6-52.60（18.50±16.4），0.40-10.0（3.6±2.9）和3.5-32.3 ± 30.9) 对于 PO ₄ -P、NH ₄ -N、NO ₂ -N、NO ₃ -N 和 SiO ₄-Si，分别。而在阿布塔拉特地区，它们分别为 0.1-1.20 (0.32 ± 0.30)、1.34-10.8 (4.61 ± 2.5)、0.07-1.18 (0.38 ± 0.3)、0.31-30.19 (7.69) 和 4.5.404 (7.69) ± 8.4.04 ± 4.0) 对于相同的参数，分别。两个区域中研究的金属按以下顺序排列：Fe > Zn > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cd。El Dekhila 港口的金属浓度是 Abu Talat 地区记录的金属浓度的两到六倍。Chl-a 含量 (0.22–26.97 µg/L) 和总酚浓度 (0.75–70.75 µg/L) 显示出不同地点之间的广泛差异。使用两个营养状态指数的氮磷生态风险数据表明研究区处于低营养状态和高营养状态之间。与在阿布塔拉特地区计算的水质相比，El Dekhila 港口的水质最低，在 WQI 中差异从 2 到 5 倍不等。方差检验 (ANOVA) 分析表明，两个区域中所有参数的平均浓度在 0.05 的显着性水平上存在显着差异。