Infancy is a developmental stage in an individual's life. As an important part of infant development, sleep greatly influences the physiological and mental development of infants, and the health and comfort of infant sleep is a major public concern. From the viewpoint of ergonomics, this study investigated the effects of mattress firmness on the body pressure distribution of infants aged 0–3 years in the supine posture. Six types of mattresses with different firmness values were tested and 11 healthy infant subjects participated in the experiment. A Tekscan body pressure measurement system was used to record data. The body pressure distribution of infants was analysed using six pressure distribution indices including the maximum pressure, average pressure, contact area, maximum pressure gradient, average pressure gradient, and longitudinal pressure distribution curve. The results revealed that, in the supine posture, there is significant correlation between the body pressure indices and the mattress firmness. The average pressure has the strongest correlation with mattress firmness. The infants' buttocks zone had the highest pressure, while the pressure on the head and leg zones was relatively low. The recommended K value, which represents the mattress firmness, ranges from 267 to 669 mm².

婴儿期是个人生活的发展阶段。睡眠作为婴儿发育的重要组成部分，极大地影响了婴儿的生理和心理发育，婴儿睡眠的健康和舒适性是引起公众关注的主要问题。从人体工程学的角度，本研究调查了床垫牢固度对仰卧姿势0至3岁婴儿体压分布的影响。测试了六种具有不同硬度值的床垫，并且有11名健康的婴儿受试者参加了该实验。使用Tekscan人体压力测量系统记录数据。使用六个压力分布指数分析了婴儿的身体压力分布，包括最大压力，平均压力，接触面积，最大压力梯度，平均压力梯度，和纵向压力分布曲线。结果表明，在仰卧姿势下，身体压力指数与床垫硬度之间存在显着相关性。平均压力与床垫牢固性之间的相关性最强。婴儿的臀部区域压力最高，而头部和腿部区域的压力相对较低。推荐的K值代表床垫的硬度，范围为267至669 mm²。