We present a brief review and perspective on the development of eutectic alloys, emphasizing the emergence of complex microstructures during eutectic solidification of ternary and higher-order multicomponent alloys. Such alloys' abundant existence promises a large domain in the alloy development space for newer materials suitable for high-temperature applications. Hence the review explores these developments in eutectic alloys based on aluminum, titanium, nickel, intermetallics, and recently developed high entropy alloys. While the importance of fundamental understanding and various functional properties of the eutectic alloys cannot be ignored, this paper focuses primarily on the microstructure and their mechanical properties. The possibilities of ultrafine eutectics and multiscale variation of length scale and morphologies are emphasized. It highlights the potential for the future emergence of these alloys as high-strength structural materials for engineering applications.

我们对共晶合金的发展进行了简要回顾和展望，强调了三元和高阶多元合金共晶凝固过程中复杂微观结构的出现。这种合金的丰富存在为适用于高温应用的新型材料的合金开发空间提供了广阔的空间。因此，本综述探讨了基于铝、钛、镍、金属间化合物和最近开发的高熵合金的共晶合金的这些发展。虽然对共晶合金的基本理解和各种功能特性的重要性不容忽视，但本文主要关注微观结构及其机械性能。强调了超细共晶和长度尺度和形态的多尺度变化的可能性。