Pressure and rate data are commonly recorded as part of a basic monitoring program in CCS projects. This paper discusses the application of multiple analytical techniques to interpret pressure and rate transient data from CO₂ injection and storage operations. The techniques of interest, i.e., injection-falloff analysis, injectivity/productivity index analysis and pressure pulse arrival time analysis, are commonly used in the oil and gas industry to assess reservoir properties, but not well known in the CCS literature (especially the last two). Injection-falloff analysis involves log-log pressure derivative plotting for the falloff data and history-matching of the entire injection-falloff sequence to determine permeability. In the injectivity/productivity index analysis, rate-normalized pressure buildup is plotted against material balance time or ratio of cumulative injection to injection rate to determine the injectivity index (ratio of injection rate to stabilized pressure buildup) which can be related to the permeability-thickness product. The arrival time analysis identifies the arrival of a pressure disturbance (∼0.1 psi change from ambient) to determine the hydraulic diffusivity from which permeability can be estimated. The applicability of these techniques is demonstrated via illustrative examples from multiple wells in different pinnacle carbonate reefs undergoing CO₂-EOR in Northern Michigan. The paper ends with a discussion of the relative merits of each interpretive technique, as well as recommendations that could be useful for other field projects.

压力和速率数据通常记录为CCS项目中基本监视程序的一部分。本文讨论了多种分析技术在解释CO ₂压力和速率瞬变数据中的应用。注射和储存操作。感兴趣的技术，例如注入衰减分析，注入/生产率指数分析和压力脉冲到达时间分析，在石油和天然气行业中通常用于评估储层特性，但在CCS文献中并不广为人知（尤其是最近的文献）二）。注入衰减分析涉及衰减数据的对数-对数压力导数绘图，以及整个注入衰减序列的历史记录匹配，以确定渗透率。在注入率/生产率指数分析中，将速率归一化的压力累积值与材料平衡时间或累积注入量与注入率的比率作图，以确定与渗透率相关的注入率指数（注入率与稳定压力累积率之比）。厚度乘积。到达时间分析可确定压力扰动的到达（与周围环境相差约0.1 psi），从而确定可从中估算渗透率的水力扩散率。这些技术的适用性通过在经历CO的顶峰碳酸盐岩礁中的多个井中的示例性实例进行了论证_2-密歇根州北部的EOR。本文最后讨论了每种解释技术的相对优点，并提出了可能对其他实地项目有用的建议。