In recent years a large array of treatment protocols conceptualized as transdiagnostic have been developed with clinical and practical advantages compared to traditional single-disorder protocols. Within this panorama, the Transdiagnostic Unified Protocol (UP) of Emotional Disorders was developed aimed at treating the negative affective processes underlying several diagnostic categories, and accounting for the covariance of different emotional disorders. The UP has been found to efficiently target the roots of these disorders leading to a reduction in symptoms of co-occurring disorders. However, several questions have marginally addressed in the previous studies, and some UP features still remain unexplored. The present meta-analysis aims at evaluating whether the UP results to significant changes in anxiety and depression symptoms severity in children, adolescents, and adults. 19 RCTs and 13 uncontrolled pre-post trials comprising 2183 patients/clients met inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Large to moderate combined overall effect size for both depression plus anxiety were detected in the uncontrolled pre-post studies (g = 0.756) and in RTCs studies (g = 0.452), respectively. Large effect size at pre-treatment to 3–6-month follow-up was observed for combined depression plus anxiety (g = 1.113). Subgroup analysis suggested that UP treatment does not differ across the anxiety and depression self-report measures. Moreover, UP intervention outperformed both passive and active control conditions to treat negative affective syndromes. Meta-regression confirmed the moderate effects of therapist level of experience, the sample characteristics, and the UP-protocol adaptations. The findings indicate that the manualized UP treatment has potential to contribute to improving mental health outcomes, particularly of anxiety and depression.

近年来，已经开发出大量被概念化为跨诊断的治疗方案，与传统的单一疾病方案相比，具有临床和实践优势。在这个全景中，情绪障碍跨诊断统一协议（UP）的开发旨在治疗几个诊断类别背后的负面情感过程，并解释不同情绪障碍的协方差。研究发现，UP 可以有效地针对这些疾病的根源，从而减少同时发生的疾病的症状。然而，之前的研究已经略微解决了几个问题，并且一些 UP 特征仍未得到探索。本荟萃分析旨在评估 UP 是否会导致儿童、青少年和成人的焦虑和抑郁症状严重程度发生显着变化。19 项随机对照试验和 13 项非对照前后试验，涉及 2183 名患者/客户，符合荟萃分析的纳入标准。在不受控制的前后研究 ( g  = 0.756) 和 RTC 研究 ( g  = 0.452) 中分别检测到抑郁加焦虑的大到中度综合总体效应大小。在治疗前至 3-6 个月的随访中，观察到抑郁加焦虑的综合效应较大（g  = 1.113）。亚组分析表明，UP 治疗在焦虑和抑郁自我报告测量方面没有差异。此外，UP 干预在治疗消极情感综合征方面优于被动和主动控制条件。元回归证实了治疗师经验水平、样本特征和 UP 协议适应性的中等影响。研究结果表明，手动 UP 治疗有可能有助于改善心理健康结果，特别是焦虑和抑郁。