The Science of Nature ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s00114-021-01721-5 Vinícius Albano Araújo 1 , Lucimar Gomes Dias 2 , José Eduardo Serrão 3
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Mayflies (order Ephemeroptera) are primitive winged insects with a life cycle of aquatic nymphal development until emergence as adults that briefly fly seeking mates. Mayflies have reproductive morphology and strategies promoting efficient copulation and oviposition during the ephemeral terrestrial phase. The anatomy of the reproductive tract in males and females of Thraulodes latinus (Leptophlebiidae) is described in relation to the reproductive behavior of Ephemeroptera. Males have a pair of testes that are degenerate in the preadult life stage (subimago) and a pair of deferent ducts that open directly into the gonopores, without ejaculatory duct and accessory glands that are common in other insects. Adult females have a pair of pectinate ovaries with many mature oocytes, a pair of lateral oviducts, and a common oviduct, but lack spermatheca for storage of sperm and associated glands as in most insects. During mating, the paired deferent ducts of males inject sperm directly into females’ lateral oviducts, where mass fertilization occurs. Contraction of the intrinsic muscles of the male’s deferent ducts directs and rapidly propels the flow of spermatozoa. Reproductive strategies, such as facultative parthenogenesis in mayflies and associated selective pressures involved in the morphology and reproductive behavior of these insects, are discussed.
Graphical abstract
中文翻译：
在may中快速有效地交配（E翅目）：原始有翅昆虫的形态和繁殖策略
f（order翅目）是原始的有翅昆虫，其生命周期呈水生若虫发育，直到成年后短暂飞过寻找伴侣时才出现。f具有生殖形态和策略，可以在短暂的陆生阶段促进有效的交配和产卵。拉丁小球藻雄性和雌性生殖道的解剖（L科）（Leptophlebiidae）被描述与星E的生殖行为有关。雄性有一对在成年前的生命阶段退化的睾丸（subimago）和一对直接通向线孔的弯曲导管，没有其他昆虫常见的射精导管和附属腺。成年雌性有一对带有许多成熟卵母细胞的果胶状卵巢，一对侧生输卵管和一条普通输卵管，但像大多数昆虫一样，它们缺乏精子来存储精子和相关的腺体。在交配过程中，成对的雄性不同的导管将精子直接注入雌性的侧面输卵管中，在那里发生大量的受精。男性不同管的固有肌肉的收缩引导并迅速推动了精子的流动。生殖策略，
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