Resident memory CD8⁺ T (Trm) cells permanently reside in nonlymphoid tissues where they act as a first line of defense against recurrent pathogens. How and when antigen-inexperienced CD8⁺ T cells differentiate into Trm has been a topic of major interest, as knowledge on how to steer this process may be exploited in the development of vaccines and anticancer therapies. Here, we first review the current understanding of the early signals that CD8⁺ T cells receive before they have entered the tissue and that govern their capacity to develop into tissue-resident memory T cells. Subsequently, we discuss the tissue-derived factors that promote Trm maturation in situ. Combined, these data sketch a model in which a subset of responding T cells develops a heightened capacity to respond to local cues present in the tissue microenvironment, which thereby imprints their ability to contribute to the tissue-resident memory CD8⁺ T-cell pool that provide local control against pathogens.

中文翻译：

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组织驻留 CD8+ T 细胞记忆的形成

常驻记忆 CD8 ⁺ T (Trm) 细胞永久驻留在非淋巴组织中，充当抵御复发病原体的第一道防线。^{未经历抗原的 CD8 +} T 细胞如何以及何时分化为 Trm 一直是人们主要关注的话题，因为有关如何引导这一过程的知识可能会在疫苗和抗癌疗法的开发中得到利用。^{在这里，我们首先回顾目​​前对 CD8 +} T 细胞在进入组织之前接收的早期信号以及控制其发育为组织驻留记忆 T 细胞的能力的理解。随后，我们讨论了促进 Trm 原位成熟的组织源性因素。综合起来，这些数据勾画出一个模型，其中响应 T 细胞的子集发展出对组织微环境中存在的局部线索作出反应的增强能力，从而印记了它们对组织驻留记忆 CD8 + T 细胞库做出贡献的^能力。提供针对病原体的局部控制。