SummaryScience, as both a body of knowledge and a process of acquiring new knowledge, is widely regarded as playing a central role in biodiversity conservation. Science undoubtedly enhances our understanding of the drivers of biodiversity loss and assists in the formulation of practical and policy responses, but it has not yet proved sufficiently influential to reverse global trends of biodiversity decline. This review seeks to critically examine the science of biodiversity conservation and to identify any hidden assumptions that, once interrogated and explored, may assist in improving conservation science, policy and practice. By drawing on existing reviews of the literature, this review describes the major themes of the literature and examines the historical shifts in the framing of conservation. It highlights the dominance of research philosophies that view conservation through a primarily ecological lens, changes in the goal(s) of conservation and a lack of clarity over the role(s) of science in biodiversity conservation. Finally, this review offers a simple framework to more clearly and consistently conceptualize the role(s) of science in biodiversity conservation in the future. Greater critical reflection on how conservation science might better accommodate multiple knowledges, goals and values could assist in ‘opening up’ new, legitimate pathways for biodiversity conservation.

中文翻译：

---

重新定义科学在生物多样性保护中的作用

摘要科学作为知识体系和获取新知识的过程，被广泛认为在生物多样性保护中发挥着核心作用。科学无疑增强了我们对生物多样性丧失驱动因素的理解，并有助于制定切实可行的政策应对措施，但尚未证明它具有足够的影响力来扭转全球生物多样性下降的趋势。本综述旨在批判性地审视生物多样性保护的科学，并找出任何隐藏的假设，一旦被询问和探索，可能有助于改进保护科学、政策和实践。通过借鉴现有的文献评论，这篇评论描述了文献的主要主题，并检查了保护框架的历史转变。它强调了通过主要生态视角看待保护的研究哲学的主导地位，保护目标的变化以及科学在生物多样性保护中的作用缺乏明确性。最后，这篇综述提供了一个简单的框架，可以更清晰、更一致地概念化科学在未来生物多样性保护中的作用。对保护科学如何更好地适应多种知识、目标和价值观进行更批判性的思考，有助于为生物多样性保护“开辟”新的、合法的途径。该审查提供了一个简单的框架，可以更清晰、更一致地概念化科学在未来生物多样性保护中的作用。对保护科学如何更好地适应多种知识、目标和价值观进行更批判性的思考，有助于为生物多样性保护“开辟”新的、合法的途径。该审查提供了一个简单的框架，可以更清晰、更一致地概念化科学在未来生物多样性保护中的作用。对保护科学如何更好地适应多种知识、目标和价值观进行更批判性的思考，有助于为生物多样性保护“开辟”新的、合法的途径。