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“You have to focus all your energy on being a parent”: Barriers and opportunities for Swedish farmers to be involved fathers
Journal of Rural Studies ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.02.020
Camilla Eriksson , Flora Hajdu

Swedish farming fathers are facing new expectations about their level of involvement in their children's upbringing – expectations of their own, but also arising from gender equality policy and shifting societal norms. A gender-neutral parental leave scheme has been in place in Sweden since 1974 and gives parents a generous opportunity to take paid time off work to stay at home with their children. Generally, however, fathers tend to take only a small share of the days allotted for parental leave, with farming farmers among those making least use of this opportunity. In this paper we explore farmers' expectations of fatherhood and how different types of farm management can be combined with parenting. The paper draws on qualitative interviews conducted with three generations of farmers. Our results indicate that the notion of involved fatherhood, i.e. being emotionally present and nurturing, is identified by farmers as a societal norm laid on farming fathers today, and that farmers indeed want to pursue involved fatherhood. We conclude that farm operators face several barriers to fulfilling the ideal of involved fatherhood, especially related to the difficulties of being able to afford and find a competent replacement during long periods of parental leave. However, two types of farms stand out as offering opportunities to overcome these issues: farms run as corporations where the farm operator is employed, and small farms with a high degree of flexibility in how time is spent during the day or over the year.



中文翻译:

“您必须全力以赴成为父母”:瑞典农民参与父亲的障碍和机会

瑞典的农业父亲对于他们参与子女的成长程度正面临着新的期望-对自己的期望,但也源于性别平等政策和不断变化的社会规范。自1974年以来,瑞典就实行了不分性别的育儿假计划,该计划为父母提供了充分的机会,让他们带薪休假,与孩子一起待在家里。但是,一般来说,父亲往往只在分配育儿假的日子中占一小部分,而其中最不善于利用这一机会的是农民。在本文中,我们探讨了农民对父亲身份的期望,以及如何将不同类型的农场管理与育儿相结合。本文借鉴了对三代农民的定性访谈。我们的结果表明,涉入父权的概念,即在情感上存在和培育,被农民确认为当今农耕父亲的社会规范,农民确实希望追求涉入父权。我们得出的结论是,农场经营者要实现理想的父亲身份面临着若干障碍,特别是与长期育儿假期间难以负担得起并找到合适的替代者有关。但是,两种类型的农场脱颖而出,为克服这些问题提供了机会:农场是由公司运营的,农场经营者是受雇于该农场的公司,小型农场在白天或一年中如何度过时间方面具有高度的灵活性。农民认为这是当今农耕父亲所建立的一种社会规范,农民确实希望追求参与式的父亲身份。我们得出的结论是,农场经营者要实现理想的父亲身份面临着若干障碍,特别是与长期育儿假期间难以负担得起并找到合适的替代者有关。但是,两种类型的农场脱颖而出,为克服这些问题提供了机会:农场是由公司运营的,农场经营者是受雇于该农场的公司,小型农场在白天或一年中如何度过时间方面具有高度的灵活性。农民认为这是当今农耕父亲所建立的一种社会规范,农民确实希望追求参与式的父亲身份。我们得出的结论是,农场经营者要实现理想的父亲身份面临着若干障碍,特别是与长期育儿假期间难以负担得起并找到合适的替代者有关。但是,两种类型的农场脱颖而出,为克服这些问题提供了机会:农场是由公司运营的,农场经营者是受雇于该农场的公司,小型农场在白天或一年中如何度过时间方面具有高度的灵活性。特别是与在长期育儿假期间负担不起并找到合适的替代者有关。但是,两种类型的农场脱颖而出,为克服这些问题提供了机会:农场是由公司运营的,农场经营者是受雇于该农场的公司,小型农场在白天或一年中如何度过时间方面具有高度的灵活性。特别是与在长期育儿假期间负担不起并找到合适的替代者有关。但是,两种类型的农场脱颖而出,为克服这些问题提供了机会:农场是由公司运营的,农场经营者是受雇于该农场的公司,小型农场在白天或一年中如何度过时间方面具有高度的灵活性。

更新日期:2021-03-08
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