Purpose

In cities with high density, heat is often trapped between buildings which increases the frequency and intensity of heat events. Researchers have focused on developing strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of heat in cities. Adopting green infrastructure and cooling pavements are some of the many ways to promote thermal comfort against heat. The purpose of this study is to improve microclimate conditions and thermal comfort levels in high-density living conditions in Seoul, South Korea.

Design/methodology/approach

This study compares six design alternatives of an apartment complex with different paving and planting systems. It also examines the thermal outcome of the alternatives under normal and extreme heat conditions to suggest strategies to secure acceptable thermal comfort levels for the inhabitants. Each alternative is analyzed using ENVI-met, a software program that simulates microclimate conditions and thermal comfort features based on relationships among buildings, vegetation and pavements.

Findings

The results indicate that grass paving was more effective than stone paving in lowering air temperature and improving thermal comfort at the near-surface level. Coniferous trees were found to be more effective than broadleaf trees in reducing temperature. Thermal comfort levels were most improved when coniferous trees were planted in paired settings.

Practical implications

Landscape elements show promise for the improvement of thermal conditions because it is much easier to redesign landscape elements, such as paving or planting, than to change fixed urban elements like buildings and roads. The results identified the potential of landscape design for improving microclimate and thermal comfort in urban residential complexes.

Originality/value

The results contribute to the literature by examining the effect of tree species and layout on thermal comfort levels, which has been rarely investigated in previous studies.

中文翻译：

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铺路和种植策略如何影响公寓大楼的小气候条件和热舒适度？

目的

在高密度城市，热量通常被困在建筑物之间，这增加了高温事件的频率和强度。研究人员专注于制定减轻城市高温负面影响的策略。采用绿色基础设施和冷却人行道是提高热舒适性的众多方法之一。本研究的目的是改善韩国首尔高密度生活条件下的小气候条件和热舒适度。

设计/方法/方法

本研究比较了具有不同铺装和种植系统的公寓大楼的六种设计方案。它还检查了在正常和极端高温条件下替代品的热结果，以提出确保居民可接受的热舒适水平的策略。每个备选方案都使用 ENVI-met 进行分析，ENVI-met 是一种软件程序，可根据建筑物、植被和人行道之间的关系模拟微气候条件和热舒适特性。

发现

结果表明，铺草在降低气温和提高近地表热舒适度方面比铺石更有效。发现针叶树比阔叶树更有效地降低温度。在成对种植针叶树时，热舒适度得到最大改善。

实际影响

景观元素显示出改善热条件的前景，因为重新设计景观元素（如铺路或种植）比改变建筑物和道路等固定的城市元素要容易得多。结果确定了景观设计在改善城市住宅区的小气候和热舒适性方面的潜力。

原创性/价值

通过检查树种和布局对热舒适水平的影响，结果为文献做出了贡献，这在以前的研究中很少被调查。