Objective

The reported study evaluated a novel approach to aiding geospatial reasoning and decision making.

Background

Impact mapping aims to alleviate the cognitive demands of geospatial tasks in part by externalizing data in the form of an integrated decision surface. This is achieved by aggregating data across multiple sources of information and visualizing their combined utility rather than objective measurements or individual utility. Previous research has shown that geospatial decisions improve when aided in this manner, but it remains unknown if dynamic decision making, often plagued by fatigue and anchoring bias, would benefit similarly.

Method

The experiment implemented a systematic manipulation of the presence of a composite impact map and the number of attributes present in a two-stage disaster relief, resource allocation task to investigate when and how impact mapping is beneficial or deleterious to decision makers.

Results

The presence of the composite impact map increased the utility of selected sites, increased re-planning decisions, reduced information display views, and reduced workload. Generally, the effect of the composite impact map was greater when participants were asked to evaluate more attributes.

Conclusion

Composite impact maps appear to improve repeated geospatial reasoning and minimize anchoring bias because they alleviate the cognitive demands otherwise necessary to interpret and maintain information from multiple attributes.

Application

Data visualization techniques, such as impact mapping, can improve repeated geospatial decision making in environments that include high cognitive demand.

中文翻译：

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地理空间推理和决策制定的影响图

客观的

报告的研究评估了一种帮助地理空间推理和决策制定的新方法。

背景

影响映射旨在通过以集成决策面的形式外部化数据来部分减轻地理空间任务的认知需求。这是通过聚合多个信息源的数据并可视化它们的综合效用而不是客观测量或单个效用来实现的。先前的研究表明，在以这种方式提供帮助时，地理空间决策会有所改善，但尚不清楚经常受到疲劳和锚定偏差困扰的动态决策是否会同样受益。

方法

该实验对复合影响图的存在和两阶段救灾、资源分配任务中存在的属性数量进行了系统的操作，以调查影响图何时以及如何对决策者有利或有害。

结果

综合影响图的存在增加了所选站点的效用，增加了重新规划决策，减少了信息显示视图，并减少了工作量。通常，当参与者被要求评估更多属性时，复合影响图的效果更大。

结论

复合影响图似乎可以改善重复的地理空间推理并最大限度地减少锚定偏差，因为它们减轻了解释和维护来自多个属性的信息所必需的认知需求。

应用

数据可视化技术，例如影响映射，可以在包含高认知需求的环境中改进重复的地理空间决策。