This article discusses the role of employers and their organizations in promoting or hindering social insurance schemes and, ultimately, the welfare state. Unlike most studies that center on countries in periods of democracy, this research focuses on the role of employers, and specifically employers’ mutuals, in the development of the industrial accident scheme during the Franco dictatorship in Spain. The institutional elimination of the class struggle, by repressing the working class and prohibiting class-based unions, led to an evolution of the industrial accident scheme and employers’ liabilities that revolved around the interrelationship between employers and the state. While employers tried to keep control of the management and low cost of the insurance, the state maintained significant bureaucratic intervention and increased auditing and control. The democratic period that began in 1977 prolonged the structure fostered during the Franco regime and enhanced the power of the mutuals in managing this insurance.

本文讨论了雇主及其组织在促进或阻碍社会保险计划以及最终促进福利国家方面的作用。与大多数以民主时期国家为中心的研究不同，本研究着重于雇主在西班牙佛朗哥专政期间在工业事故计划发展中的作用，尤其是雇主的共同利益。通过镇压工人阶级和禁止以阶级为基础的工会，制度上消除了阶级斗争，导致了工业事故计划和雇主责任的演变，而雇主责任与雇主和国家之间的相互关系有关。当雇主试图控制管理和降低保险成本时，国家保持了重大的官僚干预，并加强了审计和控制。始于1977年的民主时期延长了佛朗哥政权时期建立的结构，并增强了互助管理该保险的权力。