Objective

Unplanned drinking, or drinking that violates intentions, has been linked to significant alcohol-related consequences; however, little is known about what factors within individuals’ daily lives predict whether unplanned drinking occurs. This study examines the influence of daily-life impulsivity, alcohol craving, and interpersonal contexts on unplanned drinking.

Method

Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data were collected from 32 moderate drinkers. Participants were prompted six times per day for up to 21 days. Each morning participants reported whether they planned to drink that day. Multilevel and GEE models predicted drinking behaviors on days without intent to drink from daily-life interpersonal contexts, and pre-drinking ratings of impulsivity and craving.

Results

Spending time in a bar and spending relatively more time with other people on days with no intention to drink was associated with drinking. Individuals who experienced higher craving prior to drinking were relatively more likely to engage in unplanned drinking. When participants reported relatively greater difficulties with premeditation, they were more likely to subsequently report initiating an unplanned drinking episode. Results also suggest that individuals generally higher on negative urgency may be less likely to engage in unplanned drinking but drink more when they do.

Conclusion

These results indicate the influence of daily-life contexts, craving, and impulsivity on unplanned drinking behavior. We highlight several possible avenues for intervention and prevention efforts including modifying social and interpersonal environments, screening for craving patterns, and targeting cognitive deficits in planning.

中文翻译：

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日常生活中计划外饮酒的预测因素：情绪失调患者的情境、冲动和渴望的影响

客观的

计划外饮酒或违反意图的饮酒与严重的酒精相关后果有关；然而，人们对个人日常生活中的哪些因素预测是否会发生计划外饮酒知之甚少。本研究探讨了日常生活冲动、酒精渴望和人际关系对计划外饮酒的影响。

方法

生态瞬时评估 (EMA) 数据来自 32 名适度饮酒者。参与者每天被提示六次，最多持续 21 天。每天早上，参与者都会报告他们当天是否计划喝酒。多级和 GEE 模型预测了日常生活中无意饮酒的日子里的饮酒行为，以及饮酒前冲动和渴望的评级。

结果

在无意饮酒的日子里，花时间在酒吧和与其他人相处的时间相对较多，这与饮酒有关。在饮酒之前经历过更高渴望的人相对更有可能进行计划外饮酒。当参与者报告预谋相对较大的困难时，他们更有可能随后报告开始了计划外的饮酒事件。结果还表明，负面紧迫感通常较高的个体可能不太可能进行计划外饮酒，但在他们这样做时会喝得更多。

结论

这些结果表明日常生活环境、渴望和冲动对计划外饮酒行为的影响。我们强调了几种可能的干预和预防途径，包括改变社会和人际环境、筛选渴望模式以及在计划中针对认知缺陷。