The combination of bioaugmentation and biostimulation was used to speed up the bioremediation of marine oil spills. A novel carrier material that consisted of puffed panicum miliaceum (PPM), calcium alginate and chitosan was prepared. The porous structure and low density of PPM ensured this carrier material not only had appropriate physical and biological properties for the aggregation of microorganisms but also was biodegradable and floating on the seawater surface for bioremediation of oil pollution. An oil-degrading bacterial consortium was immobilized via adsorption on the carrier material. The immobilized bacteria were observed with scanning electron microscopy. The number of viable cells immobilized on the material was approximately 1.12 × 10⁸ CFU/g. To solve the problem of nutrients supplementation in seawater, an emulsion formed with urea solution, soybean lecithin, alcohol and oleic acid was prepared as oleophilic fertilizer. The results from laboratory and field mesocosm experiments showed that the combination of immobilized bacteria and the emulsion achieved a higher oil removal efficiency compared with the use of them separately. The results of field mesocosm experiments conducted in the coastal seawater showed that most of the petroleum pollutant (> 98%) was removed from the surface of seawater in 24 h. GC–MS analysis showed that most components of petroleum pollutants had been removed. This formula with immobilized bacteria and emulsion can be exploited further for the bioremediation of marine oil spills.

生物强化和生物刺激的结合被用来加速海洋溢油的生物修复。制备了一种新的载体材料，该材料由膨化的圆锥形变种（PPM），藻酸钙和壳聚糖组成。PPM的多孔结构和低密度确保了这种载体材料不仅具有适合微生物聚集的适当的物理和生物学特性，而且还具有可生物降解性，并且漂浮在海水表面上，可以对油污进行生物修复。通过吸附将降解油的细菌财团固定在载体材料上。用扫描电子显微镜观察固定化细菌。固定在该材料上的活细胞数约为1.12×10 ⁸ CFU /克。为了解决海水中营养补充的问题，制备了由尿素溶液，大豆卵磷脂，乙醇和油酸形成的乳液作为亲油肥料。实验室和野外介观试验的结果表明，与单独使用固定化细菌和乳化液相结合，可以达到更高的除油效率。在沿海海水中进行的现场介观实验结果表明，在24小时内大部分石油污染物（> 98％）从海水表面被去除。GC-MS分析表明，石油污染物的大部分已被去除。具有固定化细菌和乳状液的配方可以进一步用于海洋溢油的生物修复。