Although YBa₂Cu₃O_72212δ (YBCO) is one of the most promising superconducting materials for power applications, the fabrication of low-cost coated conductors with the high in-field performance remains challenging. Here, we report an efficient mixed-pinning landscape for enhancing the in-field performance of BaTiO₃ (BTO)-doped YBCO films by low-energy (60 keV) proton irradiation. The smaller (2–4 nm), weaker but perhaps denser pinning sites have been successfully introduced by irradiation, which can form a mixed-pinning landscape with pre-doped BTO precipitates (5–15 nm), leading to the increased vortex pinning. In this case, the critical current density (J _c) of YBCO films increases significantly, especially at low temperature and high magnetic field, and it increases three times near 6 T at 20 K when the irradiation dose is 1 10¹⁵ proton cm⁻². Additionally, the c-axis length (c-parameter) of YBCO increases with the increase of irradiation dose, which indicates the decreasing oxygen content due to the excessive irradiation, thereby the reduction in critical transition temperature (T _c). Employing low irradiation energy is beneficial for protons to stop inside YBCO film and thereby induces higher density defects when applying low doses. This fabrication technique is a practicable post-production solution to improve the in-field performance of nanoparticle-doped YBCO films.

虽然的YBa ₂的Cu ₃ ö _72212δ（YBCO）是用于功率应用的最有前途的超导材料中的一种，低成本涂布导体的与场性能仍然具有挑战性的高的制造。在这里，我们报告了一种有效的混合钉扎景观，可通过低能（60 keV）质子辐照增强BaTiO ₃（BTO）掺杂的YBCO薄膜的场内性能。较小的（2-4 nm），较弱但可能更密集的钉扎位点已通过辐射成功引入，它可以与预掺杂的BTO沉淀物（5-15 nm）形成混合钉扎景观，从而导致涡旋钉扎增加。在这种情况下，临界电流密度（J _c）的YBCO膜显着增加，特别是在低温和强磁场下，当辐射剂量为1 10 ¹⁵质子cm ^-2时，在20 K处6 T附近，YBCO膜增加3倍。此外，YBCO的c轴长度（c参数）随着辐照剂量的增加而增加，这表明由于过度辐照导致氧含量降低，从而降低了临界转变温度（T _c）。采用低辐照能量有利于质子在YBCO膜内部停止，从而在应用低剂量时引起更高的密度缺陷。这种制造技术是一种可行的后期生产解决方案，可以提高掺杂纳米颗粒的YBCO薄膜的场内性能。