This study proposes a potential-based three-dimensional cellular automata model to describe the route choice behavior of pedestrians while evacuating terraced stands. The model takes into account the pedestrians’ states of sitting, standing, and moving, and the possible transitions on terraced stands. The proposed potential field algorithm reflects the influence on route choice behavior of heterogeneous heights, route distance, pedestrian congestion, and route capacity. Three parameters related to the pedestrians’ behaviors in the spaces with heterogeneous heights are then analyzed to demonstrate the ability of the model to reproduce pedestrian route choice behaviors on terraced stands. Finally, empirical data observed in a terraced stand of a stadium are applied for further validation. The results show that the proposed model performs consistently well with the observed data.

本研究提出了一种基于势能的三维元胞自动机模型来描述行人在疏散梯田时的路线选择行为。该模型考虑了行人的坐、站、动状态，以及阶梯看台上可能的过渡。所提出的势场算法反映了异质高度、路线距离、行人拥堵和路线容量对路线选择行为的影响。然后分析与高度异质空间中行人行为相关的三个参数，以证明该模型能够再现梯田看台上的行人路线选择行为。最后，应用在体育场梯形看台中观察到的经验数据进行进一步验证。