Objective Painful experiences are common, distressing, and salient in childhood. Parent-child reminiscing about past painful experiences is an untapped opportunity to process pain-related distress and, similar to reminiscing about other distressing experiences, promotes children’s broader development. Previous research has documented the role of parent-child reminiscing about past pain in children’s pain-related cognitions (i.e., memories for pain), but no study to date has examined the association between parent-child reminiscing about past painful experiences and children’s broader cognitive skills. Design and Methods One hundred and ten typically developing four-year-old children and one of their parents reminisced about a past painful autobiographical event. Children then completed two tasks from the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery, the Flanker Inhibitory Control & Attention Test and the Picture Sequence Memory Test, to measure their executive function and episodic memory, respectively. Results Results indicated that the relation between parental reminiscing style and children’s executive function was moderated by child sex, such that less frequent parental use of yes-no repetition questions was associated with boys’ but not girls’, greater performance on the executive function task. Children displayed greater episodic memory performance when their parents reminisced using more explanations. Conclusions The current study demonstrates the key role of parent-child reminiscing about pain in children’s broader development and supports the merging of developmental and pediatric psychology fields. Future longitudinal research should examine the directionality of the relation between parent-child reminiscing about past pain and children’s developmental outcomes.

中文翻译：

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父子回忆过去的疼痛和幼儿的认知技能

客观 痛苦的经历在童年时期是常见的、令人痛苦的和突出的。亲子回忆过去的痛苦经历是一个尚未开发的机会来处理与疼痛相关的痛苦，并且与回忆其他痛苦经历类似，可以促进儿童更广泛的发展。以前的研究已经记录了亲子回忆过去的痛苦在儿童与疼痛相关的认知（即疼痛的记忆）中的作用，但迄今为止还没有研究检查过亲子回忆过去的痛苦经历与儿童更广泛的认知之间的关系技能。设计和方法 110 个正常发育的 4 岁儿童和他们的一位父母回忆起过去痛苦的自传事件。孩子们随后完成了 NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery 中的两项任务，Flanker Inhibitory Control & Attention Test 和 Picture Sequence Memory Test，分别测量他们的执行功能和情景记忆。结果 结果表明，父母回忆风格与儿童执行功能之间的关系受到儿童性别的调节，因此父母使用是-否重复问题的频率较低与男孩而不是女孩在执行功能任务上的表现有关。当父母使用更多解释进行回忆时，孩子们表现出更好的情景记忆表现。结论 目前的研究证明了亲子回忆疼痛在儿童更广泛发展中的关键作用，并支持发展和儿科心理学领域的融合。