This longitudinal study examined the role maternal responsiveness had on shaping Spanish and English language development in bilingual 2-year-old children. Eight im/migrant Latino mother–child dyads (age: time 1: M = 23.25 months, SD = 3.34; time 2: M = 30.13 months, SD = 4.14; time 3: M = 35.13, SD = 4.34) were observed and assessed at three time points. Regression and linear mixed modeling were used in order to assess which maternal responsive behaviors impacted Spanish and English language outcomes. Results indicated joint topic focus as being overwhelmingly impactful across times 2 and times 3 in both languages. Prohibition negatively influenced English outcomes at times 2 and times 3. Interestingly, focus shift had a positive impact on English outcomes at time 2. This work sheds light on the similarities and differences between cultures and the need for further research surrounding this population.

这项纵向研究探讨了母亲的反应能力对塑造双语2岁儿童的西班牙语和英语语言发展的影响。八个移民移民拉丁裔母子双子（年龄：时间1：M  = 23.25个月，SD  = 3.34;时间2：M  = 30.13个月，SD  = 4.14;时间3：M  = 35.13，SD = 4.34），并在三个时间点进行评估。使用回归和线性混合建模来评估哪些母亲的响应行为影响了西班牙语和英语的结果。结果表明，在两种语言的时间2和时间3中，共同关注的主题具有极大的影响力。禁止在时间2和时间3对英语结局产生负面影响。有趣的是，重点转移在时间2对英语结局产生了积极影响。这项工作揭示了文化之间的异同，以及围绕这一人群进行进一步研究的必要性。