ABSTRACT

Unpredictable late spring frosts are a major risk to sweet cherry, and information on the critical temperatures of new cultivars are limited. The objective of this study was to examine the response of cherry flower parts (sepal, pedicel, receptacle, petal, stamen and pistil) to freezing stress by using differential thermal analysis at different stages of bud development for consecutive two years. In order, from the most tolerant flower part to the least tolerant on average temperatures at which 50% of the flower buds were killed, were the stamen, pistil, petal, pedicel, receptacle and sepal. Additionally, a significant cultivar effect was found on freeze damage to the stamen, pistil, petal, pedicel, receptacle and sepal. In general, flowering parts of ‘Lambert’, ‘0900-Ziraat’ and ‘Erzincan Macar’ were the more sensitive to freezing, whereas flowering parts of ‘Stella’, ‘Vista’ and ‘Early Burlat’ were the most freezing-tolerant during bud development stages. These results can give growers with important information that can be beneficial to them when choosing cherry cultivars for their new orchard. However, our findings and corresponding discussion highlight the importance of considering field observations as one of the factors for objective interpretation of critical temperatures of flower parts derived from artificial freeze tests.

摘要

不可预测的晚春霜冻是甜樱桃面临的主要风险，有关新品种临界温度的信息有限。本研究的目的是通过连续两年在芽发育的不同阶段使用差热分析来检查樱桃花部分（萼片、花梗、花托、花瓣、雄蕊和雌蕊）对冷冻胁迫的响应。从最耐受的花部分到平均温度最低的部分，在平均温度下 50% 的花蕾被杀死，依次是雄蕊、雌蕊、花瓣、花梗、花托和萼片。此外，发现对雄蕊、雌蕊、花瓣、花梗、花托和萼片的冻害有显着的栽培品种效果。一般来说，‘Lambert’、‘0900-Ziraat’和‘Erzincan Macar’的开花部分对冷冻更敏感，而'Stella'、'Vista'和'Early Burlat'的开花部分在芽发育阶段是最耐冻的。这些结果可以为种植者提供重要信息，这些信息对他们在为新果园选择樱桃品种时可能是有益的。然而，我们的研究结果和相应的讨论强调了将实地观察作为客观解释人工冷冻试验得出的花部分临界温度的因素之一的重要性。