How environmental stressors affect reproductive potential in a saltmarsh plant species Plantago maritima,Ecology and Evolution

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How environmental stressors affect reproductive potential in a saltmarsh plant species Plantago maritima
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-06 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7277
Magdalena Lazarus ₁ , Jacek Mazur ₁ , Katarzyna Wszałek-Rożek ₁ , Adrian Zwolicki ₂

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We examined whether the presence or absence of different environmental stressors influenced the reproductive potential of a saltmarsh species—Plantago maritima. We focused on total seed output, seed quality, and biomass of progeny. So far, there are no studies trying to answer the question of how different saltmarsh management affects the quality of seed in saltmarsh species. For the purposes of the study, plots subjected to light mowing, light or heavy grazing, trampling, or rooting were designated in three nature reserves in Poland. On each plot, the abundance of infructescences per sq. meter was calculated. Mature infructescences were collected, and their length and number of fruit capsules were measured. The seeds obtained from fruit capsules were weighted and sown in controlled conditions. The germination rate and the final germination percentage were calculated. A representative number of sprouts were grown. After a period of 2 months, the individuals of P. maritima were harvested and their total dry mass was measured. It was found that heavy grazing had the greatest effect on all of the studied characteristics. The presence of this factor resulted in shorter infructescences with a smaller number of fruit capsules. However, this phenomenon was compensated by the higher abundance of infructescences per sq. meter. At the same time, seeds produced by grazed individuals were significantly lighter. Interestingly, intensive trampling by people affected P. maritima individuals in a similar way to heavy grazing, while mowing and rooting had less impact on the considered characteristics. Although a positive correlation between seed mass and germination success was found, the altogether lower seed mass had a negligible effect on germination parameters. Also, the differences in seed parameters did not affect dry mass of obtained progeny grown in laboratory conditions. Synthesis and applications: Different environmental stressors, such as grazing and mowing, have an effect on reproductive potential of a saltmarsh species P. maritima. In the case of habitats created anthropogenically, such as brackish saltmarshes, the role of management is crucial for their conservation. Therefore, searching for the best active protection methods is important. In light of the results obtained, extensive or rotational grazing appears to be the best form of saltmarsh management.

中文翻译：

环境压力如何影响盐沼植物物种海车前草的繁殖潜力

我们研究了不同环境压力源的存在或不存在是否会影响盐沼物种——海车前草的繁殖潜力。我们关注种子总产量、种子质量和后代生物量。到目前为止，还没有研究试图回答不同的盐沼管理如何影响盐沼物种种子质量的问题。出于研究目的，波兰的三个自然保护区指定了进行轻度割草、轻度或重度放牧、践踏或挖根的地块。在每块地块上，计算每平方米的果序丰度。收集成熟的果序，测量其长度和果蒴果的数量。对从果实蒴果获得的种子进行称重并在受控条件下播种。计算发芽率和最终发芽率。生长出了具有代表性的数量的芽。两个月后，收获P. maritima个体并测量其总干重。结果发现，重度放牧对所有研究特征的影响最大。该因素的存在导致果序较短，果蒴果数量较少。然而，这种现象被每平方米更高丰度的果序所补偿。与此同时，放牧个体产生的种子明显更轻。有趣的是，人们的密集践踏对海生海草个体的影响与重度放牧类似，而割草和挖根对所考虑的特征的影响较小。尽管发现种子质量和发芽成功率之间存在正相关关系，但较低的种子质量对发芽参数的影响可以忽略不计。此外，种子参数的差异并不影响在实验室条件下生长的获得的后代的干质量。合成和应用：不同的环境压力，例如放牧和割草，对盐沼物种P. maritima的繁殖潜力有影响。对于人类创造的栖息地，例如咸水盐沼，管理的作用对于它们的保护至关重要。因此，寻找最佳的主动保护方法非常重要。根据所获得的结果，粗放或轮牧似乎是盐沼管理的最佳形式。

更新日期：2021-04-04

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