Friction stir welding (FSW) exhibit high rate of plastic deformation thereby microstructure modification through intense coarsening and grain boundary precipitation found in the weld zone. The microstructure and microchemistry of the weld can be controlled by cooling assisted friction stir welding (CFSW) with minimizing peak temperature and heat input thereby better efficiency and performance of joint produced. This becomes more considerable especially during dissimilar material joining due to variations in thermo-mechanical properties and chemical compositions of material. The joint efficiency can also be enhanced by suppressing the intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formation and controlling the grain growth by applying cooling medium (i.e. compressed air, water, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and liquid nitrogen). This article reviews the current status of on-going research in CFSW. The particular attention has been paid to process parameters, phase transformation, texture evolution, recrystallization mechanism, microstructural behaviour, and the influence of these factors on the joint tensile strength, hardness, fatigue properties, residual stresses as well as corrosion behaviour. And also, new research directions in this field have been proposed for upcoming research.

搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）表现出很高的塑性变形率，从而通过在焊接区发现强烈的粗化和晶界沉淀来改变微观结构。可以通过冷却辅助摩擦搅拌焊接（CFSW）来控制焊缝的微观结构和微观化学，同时最大程度地降低峰值温度和热量输入，从而提高接头的效率和性能。由于材料的热机械性质和化学组成的变化，这在非同寻常的材料连接过程中尤为明显。通过抑制金属间化合物（IMC）的形成并通过施加冷却介质（例如压缩空气，水，二氧化碳（CO ₂）和液氮）。本文回顾了CFSW正在进行的研究的现状。已经特别注意了工艺参数，相变，织构演变，再结晶机理，微观结构行为，以及这些因素对接头抗拉强度，硬度，疲劳性能，残余应力以及腐蚀行为的影响。并且，已经提出了该领域的新研究方向以用于即将进行的研究。