Plants resist attacks by pathogens via innate immune responses, which are initiated by cell surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs) leading to pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), respectively. Although the two classes of immune receptors involve different activation mechanisms and appear to require different early signalling components, PTI and ETI eventually converge into many similar downstream responses, albeit with distinct amplitudes and dynamics. Increasing evidence suggests the existence of intricate interactions between PRR-mediated and NLR-mediated signalling cascades as well as common signalling components shared by both. Future investigation of the mechanisms underlying signal collaboration between PRR-initiated and NLR-initiated immunity will enable a more complete understanding of the plant immune system. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between the two layers of plant innate immunity.

植物通过先天免疫反应抵抗病原体的攻击，先天免疫反应由细胞表面定位模式识别受体 (PRR) 和细胞内核苷酸结合域富含亮氨酸重复序列的受体 (NLR) 启动，从而导致模式触发免疫 (PTI) 和效应触发免疫（ETI），分别。尽管这两类免疫受体涉及不同的激活机制并且似乎需要不同的早期信号成分，但 PTI 和 ETI 最终会聚成许多相似的下游反应，尽管具有不同的幅度和动态。越来越多的证据表明 PRR 介导和 NLR 介导的信号级联之间存在复杂的相互作用，以及两者共有的共同信号成分。未来对 PRR 启动和 NLR 启动免疫之间信号协作机制的研究将使对植物免疫系统的更全面了解。这篇综述讨论了我们对植物先天免疫两层之间关系的理解的最新进展。