This paper develops and evaluates a novel three-dimensional fully-Lagrangian (particle-based) numerical model, based on the hybrid discrete element method (DEM) and moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) mesh-free techniques, for modeling the highly-dynamic ice-wave interactions. Both MPS and DEM belong to mesh-free Lagrangian (particle) techniques. The model considers ice-wave dynamics as a multiphase continuum-discrete system. While the MPS solves the continuum equations of free-surface flow in a Lagrangian particle-based domain, the DEM uses a multi-sphere Hertzian contact dynamic model to simulate the ice floes motion and interaction. The hybrid model predicts the motion and collision of ice floes as well as their interaction with water, boundaries, and any obstacle in their way. Considering the mesh-free Lagrangian nature of both DEM and MPS, the developed model has an inherent ability to predict the free-drift (absence of internal stress) movements of the ice floes, e.g., sliding, rolling, colliding, and piling-up, in violent free-surface flow. A small-scale and challenging experiment based on dam-break flow over dry and wet beds with floating block floes, which mimics the characteristics of an idealized jam release, has been conducted to provide useful and comprehensive quality data for the validation of the proposed model, as well as other numerical models. Experimental and numerical results of the free-surface profile and the position of the blocks are compared. The results show the ability of the model to numerically reproduce and predict the complex three-dimensional dynamic behavior of wave-ice floes interaction. Overall, this study is a first effort toward developing an ice-wave dynamic within a fully Lagrangian framework (i.e. both flow hydrodynamics and ice dynamics in the Lagrangian particle-based system), and its results can be extended to bring an in-depth understanding of the physics of the real-scale ice-wave or river ice dynamic problems in the future.

本文基于混合离散元方法（DEM）和无运动粒子半隐式（MPS）无网格技术，开发并评估了一种新颖的三维完全拉格朗日（基于粒子）数值模型，用于对高度动态冰波相互作用。MPS和DEM都属于无网格拉格朗日（粒子）技术。该模型将冰波动力学视为多相连续离散系统。MPS在基于拉格朗日粒子的域中求解自由表面流的连续方程时，DEM使用多球赫兹接触动力学模型来模拟浮冰的运动和相互作用。混合模型可预测浮冰的运动和碰撞，以及它们与水，边界和障碍物的相互作用。考虑到DEM和MPS的无网格拉格朗日性质，所开发的模型具有固有能力，能够预测剧烈自由表面流动中浮冰的自由漂移（无内应力）运动，例如滑动，滚动，碰撞和堆积。已进行了小规模且具有挑战性的实验，该实验基于具有浮块絮凝物的干湿床上的溃坝水流，模拟了理想的果酱释放特征，为验证所提出的模型提供了有用且全面的质量数据，以及其他数值模型。比较了自由表面轮廓和块的位置的实验和数值结果。结果表明，该模型具有数值再现和预测海冰浮冰相互作用的复杂三维动力学行为的能力。全面的，