Environment and social life are open to hazards, because of the distribution, diffusion, and conversion processes of chemicals contained in hazardous materials. These chemicals are very dangerous. Various precautions should be taken into consideration during the displacement of hazardous materials. Therefore, it is important to identify and minimize the risks in the transportation of hazardous material. This work investigates to identify the critical risk factors and their weights for hazardous material transportation operations. The literature is reviewed, critical risk factors for hazardous material transportation are defined, and data from different experts is collected. A two-level hierarchical structure is established to evaluate risk factors. Then, the experts’ evaluations of main and sub-risk factors are consolidated using the modified Delphi method. Weights of main and sub-risk factors are obtained using the Pythagorean fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method. To show the robustness of the proposed decision-making methodology, a sensitivity analysis is conducted.

由于危险材料中所含化学物质的分布、扩散和转化过程，环境和社会生活容易受到危害。这些化学物质非常危险。在危险材料的置换过程中，应考虑各种预防措施。因此，重要的是要识别和最小化危险材料运输中的风险。这项工作旨在确定危险材料运输操作的关键风险因素及其权重。回顾文献，定义危险材料运输的关键风险因素，并收集来自不同专家的数据。建立了一个两级的层次结构来评估风险因素。然后，专家对主要风险因素和次要风险因素的评价采用改进的德尔菲法进行合并。使用毕达哥拉斯模糊层次分析法获得主要和次要风险因素的权重。为了显示所提出的决策方法的稳健性，进行了敏感性分析。