We propose a toy model for the origin of the Universe, where the scale-invariant fluctuations are generated together with the quantum creation process of the Universe. The fluctuations arise inside an instanton in the Euclidean domain of time. In the Lorentzian point of view, the Universe emerges with passive, coherent and scale-invariant fluctuations present from the beginning, without the need of inflation or a bounce. For this mechanism to work, we need anisotropic scaling in space and time, which is realized in a toy model of Horava–Lifshitz (HL) gravity with a Lifshitz scalar field.

中文翻译：

---

没有膨胀的玩具宇宙的量子创造

我们提出了一个宇宙起源的玩具模型，其中尺度不变的涨落与宇宙的量子创造过程一起产生。波动出现在欧几里得时间域的瞬时内。在洛伦兹的观点中，宇宙从一开始就伴随着被动、连贯和尺度不变的波动而出现，不需要膨胀或反弹。为了使这种机制起作用，我们需要在空间和时间上进行各向异性缩放，这在具有 Lifshitz 标量场的 Horava-Lifshitz (HL) 重力玩具模型中实现。