Electrohydrodynamic enhancement of the laminar natural convection nanofluid flow in a closed cavity is investigated numerically. The bottom wall of the cavity is considered to be a wavy surface and is kept at a high temperature compared to the other flat walls which are maintained at the environment temperature. The electric field is generated from the lower surface which is charged with a uniform voltage of direct current (DC). The interaction of the fluid motion, thermal field, and the electric field for the dielectric nanofluid are formulated using the principles of mass, momentum, and energy conservation along with Maxwell’s and Gauss’s law. A suitable coordinate transformation is used to convert the given set of equations into a form, suitable for the implementation of the finite difference method. Results show that the electric field, induced by the charged particles, significantly influence the flow field within the cavity. It is found that the number of convective cells produced in the flow field depends on the number of waves and their amplitude. For a high nanoparticle volume fraction, the isotherms and the isolines of electric field potential demonstrate two maximum points between two crests of the waves of the bottom surface. On the lower wall, which is directly exposed to the DC current, the isolines for the electric field potential, ϕ, and electric charge density, q, attain their maximum values. However, the distributions for the former physical quantity are distorted, and for the latter they are uniform. Further, a range of electrically charged nanoparticles (Cu, Ag, Al₂O₃, TiO₂, CuO) are tested and it is observed that optimum heat transfer is achieved for Ag–H₂O nanofluid.

数值研究了封闭腔中层流自然对流纳米流体的电流体动力学增强。空腔的底壁被认为是波浪形表面，并且与保持在环境温度下的其他平坦壁相比，被保持在高温下。电场从下表面产生，该下表面充有均匀的直流电压（DC）。介电纳米流体的流体运动，热场和电场之间的相互作用是根据质量，动量和能量守恒原理以及麦克斯韦定律和高斯定律制定的。使用适当的坐标变换将给定的一组方程式转换为一种形式，适用于实施有限差分法。结果表明，电场 带电粒子所引起的流场会显着影响空腔内的流场。发现在流场中产生的对流单元的数量取决于波的数量及其幅度。对于高的纳米颗粒体积分数，电场势的等温线和等值线在底面波的两个波峰之间显示出两个最大点。在直接暴露于直流电流的下壁上，电场电势的等值线，等温线和电场等值线显示了底面波的两个波峰之间的两个最大点。在直接暴露于直流电流的下壁上，电场电势的等值线，等温线和电场等值线显示了底面波的两个波峰之间的两个最大点。在直接暴露于直流电流的下壁上，电场电势的等值线，ϕ，电荷密度q达到最大值。但是，前者的物理量分布是扭曲的，而后者的分布是均匀的。此外，测试了一系列带电的纳米粒子（Cu，Ag，Al ₂ O ₃，TiO ₂，CuO），并且观察到，Ag-H ₂ O纳米流体实现了最佳的热传递。