Satellite-based burned area products are accurate for many regions. However, only limited assessments exist for Indonesia despite extensive burning and globally important carbon emissions. We evaluated the accuracy of four MODIS-derived (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) burned area products (MCD45A1 collection 5.1, MCD64A1 (collection 5.1 and 6), FireCCI51), and their sensitivity to burned-area size and temporal window length used for detection. The products were compared to reference burned areas from SPOT 5 imagery using error matrices and linear regressions. The MCD45A1 product detected <1% of burned areas. The other products detected 38%–48% of burned area with accuracies increasing modestly (45%–57%) when smaller burns (<100 ha) were excluded, with MCD64A1 C6 performing best. Except for the MCD45 product, linear regressions showed generally good agreement in peatlands (R ² ranging from 0.6 to 0.8) but detections were less accurate in non-peatlands (R ² ranging from 0.2 to 0.5). Despite having higher spatial resolution, the FireCCI51 product (250 m) showed lower accuracy (OE = 0.55–0.88, CE = 0.33–0.50) than the 500 m MCD64A1 C6 product (OE = 0.43–0.79, CE = 0.36–0.51) but it was comparable to the C5.1 product (OE = 0.52–0.91, CE = 0.37–0.67). Dense clouds and smoke limited the accuracies of all burned area products, even when the temporal window for detection was lengthened. This study shows that emissions calculations based on burned area in peatlands remain highly uncertain. Given the globally significant amount of emissions from burning peatlands, specific attention is required to improve burned area mapping in these regions in order for global emissions models to accurately reflect when, where, and how much emissions are occurring.

基于卫星的燃烧区产品在许多地区都是准确的。但是，尽管发生了广泛的燃烧和全球重要的碳排放，但对印度尼西亚的评估很少。我们评估了四种MODIS衍生（中等分辨率成像光谱仪）燃烧区域产品（MCD45A1收集5.1，MCD64A1（收集5.1和6），FireCCI51）的准确性，以及它们对用于检测的燃烧区域大小和时间窗长度的敏感性。使用误差矩阵和线性回归将产品与SPOT 5影像中的参考燃烧区域进行比较。MCD45A1产品检测到<1％的灼伤区域。当排除较小的烧伤（<100公顷）时，其他产品可检测到38％–48％的烧伤面积，准确度适度增加（45％–57％），其中MCD64A1 C6表现最佳。除了MCD45产品之外，R ^2的范围从0.6到0.8），但在非草原地区的检测准确度较低（R ²范围从0.2到0.5）。尽管具有更高的空间分辨率，但FireCCI51产品（250 m）的准确度（OE = 0.55-0.88，CE = 0.33-0.50）比500 m MCD64A1 C6产品（OE = 0.43-0.79，CE = 0.36-0.51）低，但是它与C5.1产品相当（OE = 0.52-0.91，CE = 0.37-0.67）。密集的云层和烟雾限制了所有燃烧区域产品的准确性，即使延长了检测的时间范围也是如此。这项研究表明，基于泥炭地燃烧面积的排放量计算仍然非常不确定。考虑到全球范围内燃烧泥炭地的大量排放，需要特别关注改善这些地区的燃烧面积图，以便全球排放模型能够准确反映发生排放的时间，地点和数量。