The lateral swelling pressure (LSP) and vertical swelling of a highly expansive soil supported by a retaining wall was studied. Experimental work was conducted by designing a physical laboratory model with dimensions of 900 × 600 mm in plan and 950 mm in height. The finite element method was used to simulate the retaining wall supporting highly expansive soil in saturated and unsaturated conditions using GeoStudio 2007. Verification of the physical model showed that the LSP increased linearly with the depth of the wall up to the maximum value of about 165 kPa at a depth of 0.6 m. Predictions during saturation and loading stages showed that the quantitative predictions were within the measurement accuracy. Numerical predictions of the LSP and vertical swelling were compatible with the experimental results. The vertical swelling and percentage decrease in swelling decreased with the depth of the soil. The percentage decrease in vertical swelling was 95.0% at 34 days and a depth of 0.6 m. The rate of swelling decreased with an increase in soil depth and the time required to reach an equilibrium state of swelling decreased linearly with soil depth.

中文翻译：

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挡土墙支撑膨胀土的行为模拟

研究了挡土墙支撑的高膨胀土的侧向膨胀压力（LSP）和垂直膨胀。实验工作是通过设计一个平面尺寸为 900 × 600 mm、高度为 950 mm 的物理实验室模型进行的。GeoStudio 2007采用有限元法模拟饱和和非饱和条件下支撑高膨胀土的挡土墙。物理模型验证表明，LSP随墙体深度线性增加，最大值约为165 kPa在 0.6 m 的深度。饱和和加载阶段的预测表明，定量预测在测量精度范围内。LSP和垂直膨胀的数值预测与实验结果一致。垂直膨胀和膨胀减少百分比随着土壤深度的增加而减小。在 34 天和 0.6 m 深度时，垂直膨胀减少的百分比为 95.0%。膨胀率随着土壤深度的增加而降低，达到膨胀平衡状态所需的时间随着土壤深度线性减少。