Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the source of silage, cereal grain, and their interaction on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Using a completely randomized design within an 89-d finishing study, 288 steers were randomly assigned to 1 of 24 pens (12 steers/pen) with average steer body weight (BW) within a pen of 464 kg ± 1.7 kg (mean ± SD). Diets were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with corn silage (CS) or barley silage (BS) included at 8% (dry matter [DM] basis). Within each silage source, diets contained dry-rolled barley grain (BG; 86% of DM), dry-rolled corn grain (CG; 85% of DM), or an equal blend of BG and CG (BCG; 85% of DM). Total tract digestibility of nutrients was estimated from fecal samples using near-infrared spectroscopy. Data were analyzed with pen as the experimental unit using the Mixed Model of SAS with the fixed effects of silage, grain, and the two-way interaction. Carcass and fecal kernel data were analyzed using GLIMMIX utilizing the same model. There were no interactions detected between silage and grain source. Feeding CG increased (P < 0.01) DM intake by 0.8 and 0.6 kg/d relative to BG and BCG, respectively. Gain-to-feed ratio was greater (P = 0.04) for BG (0.172 kg/kg) than CG (0.162 kg/kg) but did not differ from BCG (0.165 kg/kg). Furthermore, average daily gain (2.07 kg/d) and final body weight did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.25). Hot carcass weight (HCW) was 6.2 kg greater (372.2 vs. 366.0 kg; P < 0.01) and dressing percentage was 0.57 percentage units greater (59.53 vs. 58.96 %; P = 0.04) for steers fed CS than BS, respectively. There was no effect of dietary treatment on the severity of liver abscesses (P ≥ 0.20) with 72.0% of carcasses having clear livers, 24.4% with minor liver abscesses, and 3.6% with severe liver abscesses. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch were greater for BG (P < 0.01) than CG or BCG. As expected, grain source affected the appearance of grain kernels in the feces (P ≤ 0.04). Feeding CS silage increased the appearance of fractured corn kernels (P = 0.04), while feeding BS increased fiber appearance in the feces (P = 0.02). Current results indicate that when dry rolled, feeding BG resulted in improved performance and digestibility compared with CG and BCG. Even at low inclusion levels (8% of DM), CS resulted in improved carcass characteristics relative to BS.

中文翻译：

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饲喂大麦，玉米或大麦与玉米的混合物时，使用大麦或玉米青贮饲料对肥育牛的生长性能，养分利用率和car体特性

摘要本研究的目的是评估青贮饲料，谷类谷物的来源及其相互作用对肥育肉牛生长性能，消化率和，体特性的影响。在89天的研究中，采用完全随机的设计，将288头公牛随机分配给24头钢笔中的1头（12头/钢笔），平均头重（BW）在464 kg±1.7 kg（均值±SD）范围内）。饮食安排为2×3阶乘，玉米青贮饲料（CS）或大麦青贮饲料（BS）的含量为8％（以干物质[DM]为基础）。在每个青贮饲料中，日粮均包含干轧大麦籽粒（BG；占干物质的86％），干轧玉米粒（CG；占干物质的85％）或BG和CG的等量混合物（BCG；占DM的85％） ）。使用近红外光谱法从粪便样本中估算出养分的总消化率。使用SAS混合模型，以青贮饲料，谷物和双向交互作用的固定影响，以钢笔为实验单位分析数据。使用GLIMMIX，使用相同的模型分析体和粪便内核数据。在青贮饲料和谷物来源之间未检测到相互作用。饲喂CG相对于BG和BCG分别增加（P <0.01）DM摄入量0.8和0.6 kg / d。BG（0.172 kg / kg）的增重比（P = 0.04）大于CG（0.162 kg / kg），但与BCG（0.165 kg / kg）相同。此外，平均日增重（2.07 kg / d）和最终体重在各治疗之间无差异（P≥0.25）。饲喂CS的ers牛皮的热car体重量（HCW）比BS高6.2 kg（372.2 vs. 366.0 kg; P <0.01），追肥百分比高0.57个百分点（59.53 vs. 58.96％; P = 0.04）。饮食治疗对肝脓肿的严重程度没有影响（P≥0.20），其中有72.0％的clear体具有清晰的肝脏，24.4％的肝脓肿和3.6％的严重肝脓肿。BG的DM，有机物，粗蛋白，中性洗涤剂纤维和淀粉的消化率高于CG或BCG（P <0.01）。正如预期的那样，谷物来源影响了粪便中谷物粒的外观（P≤0.04）。饲喂CS青贮饲料增加了玉米粒破裂的外观（P = 0.04），而饲喂BS提高了粪便中纤维的外观（P = 0.02）。目前的结果表明，与CG和BCG相比，干轧饲喂BG可以改善饲料的性能和消化率。即使在低夹杂物含量（占DM的8％）下，CS仍比BS改善了cas体特性。