3D fabric preforms are used as reinforcements in composite applications. 3D woven preforms have a huge demand in ballistic applications, aircraft industry, automobiles and structural reinforcements. A variety of 3D woven fabric reinforced composites and two dimensional woven fabric reinforced laminates can be found in the literature. However, the majority of the said products lack in delamination resistance and possess poor out-of-plane mechanical characteristics, due to the absence or insufficiency of through-thickness reinforcement. 3D fully interlaced preform weaving introduces a method of producing fully interlaced 3D woven fabric structures with through-thickness reinforcement, which enhances the delamination resistance as well as out-of-plane mechanical characteristics. 3D woven fabric preforms made from 3D fully interlaced preform weaving, using high-performance fiber yarns such as Dyneema, Carbon, Kevlar and Zylon, have exceptional mechanical properties with light-weight characteristics, which make them suitable candidates for high-end technical composite applications. In this work, a brief introduction is given to the history of weaving followed by an introduction to 3D woven fabrics. In the existing literature, an emphasis is given to the 3D fully interlaced preform weaving process, distinguishing it from other 3D woven fabric manufacturing methods. Subsequently, a comprehensive review is made on the existing literature on 3D fully interlaced preform weaving devices, such as primary and secondary mechanisms as well as modelling of 3D woven fabric structures produced by 3D fully interlaced preform weaving. Finally, the authors attempted to discuss the existing research gaps with potential directions for future research.

中文翻译：

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3D编织和3D机织织物结构的演变

3D织物预成型件在复合应用中用作增强材料。3D编织预成型坯在弹道应用，飞机工业，汽车和结构增强方面有巨大的需求。在文献中可以找到各种3D机织织物增强的复合材料和二维机织织物增强的层压材料。然而，由于缺乏或不足以通过厚度增强，大多数所述产品缺乏抗分层性并且具有差的平面外机械特性。3D完全交错的预成型坯编织引入了一种生产具有全厚度增强功能的完全交错的3D机织织物结构的方法，该方法可增强抗分层性和平面外机械特性。由3D完全交错的预成型坯编织而成的3D机织预成型坯，使用迪尼玛（Dyneema），碳（Carbon），凯夫拉尔（Kevlar）和齐纶（Zylon）等高性能纤维纱线，具有出色的机械性能和轻量化特性，使其成为高端技术复合材料应用的合适之选。在这项工作中，简要介绍了编织的历史，然后介绍了3D机织织物。在现有文献中，着重于3D完全交织的预成型坯的编织过程，使其与其他3D机织织物的制造方法区别开来。随后，对现有的有关3D完全交织的预成型坯编织设备的文献进行了全面的回顾，例如初级和次要机理以及通过3D完全交织的预成型坯编织生产的3D机织织物结构的建模。最后，