In this article, we propose a hybrid electromechanical scanning lens antenna array architecture suitable for the steering of highly directive beams at submillimeter wavelengths with field-of-views (FoV) of ±25°. The concept relies on combining electronic phase shifting of a sparse array with a mechanical translation of a lens array. The use of a sparse-phased array significantly simplifies the RF front-end (number of active components, routing, thermal problems), while the translation of a lens array steers the element patterns to angles off-broadside, reducing the impact of grating lobes over a wide FoV. The mechanical translation required for the lens array is also significantly reduced compared to a single large lens, leading to faster and low-power mechanical implementation. In order to achieve wide bandwidth and large steering angles, a novel leaky wave lens feed concept is also implemented. A 550-GHz prototype was fabricated and measured demonstrating the scanning capabilities of the embedded element pattern and the radiation performance of the leaky wave fed antenna.

中文翻译：

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宽带多模泄漏波馈源，用于扫描亚毫米波长的透镜相控阵

在本文中，我们提出了一种混合式机电扫描透镜天线阵列架构，该架构适用于在亚毫米波波长下以±25°的视场（FoV）操纵高定向波束。该概念依赖于将稀疏阵列的电子相移与透镜阵列的机械平移相结合。稀疏相控阵的使用大大简化了RF前端（有源组件的数量，布线，散热问题），而透镜阵列的平移将元件图案转向了偏远的角度，从而减少了光栅波瓣的影响在广泛的FoV上。与单个大型透镜相比，透镜阵列所需的机械平移也显着减少，从而实现了更快，更低功耗的机械实现。为了实现宽带宽和大转向角，还实现了新颖的漏波透镜进给概念。制作并测量了550 GHz原型，演示了嵌入式元件图案的扫描能力和漏波馈电天线的辐射性能。