Loaded walking with typical rigid backpack results in a significant increase in the mechanical energy of the stance leg and a decrease in lateral stability. Allowing the load to swing, which has been applied in shoulder pole, a tool widely used in Asia for load carriage assistance, may attenuate these effects. This paper theoretically analyzes and experimentally validates the biomechanical and energetic effects of the swinging loads. When walking with a 30 kg load, allowing the load to swing reduces the fore-aft leg impulses by over 19% and further reduces the mechanical energy of the stance leg by 12.9% compared to the typical rigid backpack. The whole-body metabolic cost has no significant change, which may be attributed to the increase in the muscle work of the upper body and the leg swing. Moreover, the load movement out of phase to the human in the lateral direction reduces the lateral excursion of extrapolated center-of-mass by 27.2%, indicating an increase in the lateral margin of stability and implying an improvement in lateral stability. The results demonstrate that allowing the load to swing reduces the horizontal leg impulses and the mechanical energy of the stance leg, and improves the lateral stability of human walking.

中文翻译：

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允许负载摆动可减少姿态腿的机械能，并改善人步行的侧向稳定性

典型的刚性背包负重行走会显着增加站立腿的机械能，并会降低横向稳定性。在亚洲，一种广泛用于辅助载重的工具允许在肩杆上施加载荷，以减轻载荷的摆动，从而可以减轻这些影响。本文从理论上分析并通过实验验证了摆动载荷的生物力学和能量效应。与30公斤的重负背包相比，以30公斤的负重行走时，允许其摆动可将前腿的冲击力降低19％以上，并进一步降低站姿腿的机械能12.9％。全身的代谢成本没有明显变化，这可能归因于上身肌肉运动和腿部摆动的增加。而且，负载在横向上对人的异相移动将外推质量中心的横向偏移减少了27.2％，这表明稳定性的横向裕度增加了，这意味着横向稳定性得到了改善。结果表明，允许负载摆动可减少水平腿的冲动和站立腿的机械能，并改善人步行的侧向稳定性。