Excessive beta band (13–30 Hz) oscillations have been observed in the basal ganglia (BG) of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Understanding the origin and transmission of beta band oscillations are important to improve treatments of PD, such as closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS). This paper proposed a model-based closed-loop GPi stimulation system to suppress pathological beta band oscillations of BG. The feedback nucleus was selected through the analysis of GPi oscillations variation when different synaptic currents were blocked, mainly projections from globus pallidus external (GPe), the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and striatum. Since simulation results proved the important role of synaptic current from GPe in shaping the excessive GPi beta band oscillations, the local field potential (LFP) of GPe was chosen as the feedback signal. That is to say, the feedback nucleus was selected based on the origin analysis of the pathological GPi beta band oscillation. The closed-loop algorithm was the multiplication of linear delayed feedback of the filtered GPe-LFP and modeled synaptic dynamics from GPe to GPi. Thus, the formed stimulation waveform was synaptic current like shape, which was proved to be more energy efficient than open-loop continuous DBS in suppressing GPi beta band oscillation. With the development of DBS devices, the efficiency of this closed-loop stimulation could be testified in animal model and clinical.

中文翻译：

---

通过原点分析基于模型的帕金森贝塔带振荡的闭环抑制

在患有帕金森氏病（PD）的患者的基底神经节（BG）中观察到过度的β波段（13–30 Hz）振荡。了解β波段振荡的起源和传播对于改善PD的治疗（例如闭环深部脑刺激（DBS））非常重要。本文提出了一种基于模型的闭环GPi刺激系统，以抑制BG的病理性β波段振荡。通过分析不同突触电流受阻时GPi振荡变化来选择反馈核，主要是苍白球外部（GPe），丘脑下核（STN）和纹状体的投影。由于仿真结果证明了GPe的突触电流在塑造过多的GPiβ波段振荡中的重要作用，因此选择GPe的局部场电势（LFP）作为反馈信号。也就是说，基于病理GPiβ带振荡的起源分析来选择反馈核。闭环算法是将滤波后的GPe-LFP的线性延迟反馈与从GPe到GPi的建模突触动力学相乘。因此，形成的刺激波形像突触电流一样的形状，被证明比开环连续DBS在抑制GPiβ谱带振荡方面更具能量效率。随着DBS装置的发展，这种闭环刺激的效率可以在动物模型和临床中得到证实。闭环算法是将滤波后的GPe-LFP的线性延迟反馈与从GPe到GPi的建模突触动力学相乘。因此，形成的刺激波形像突触电流一样的形状，被证明比开环连续DBS在抑制GPiβ谱带振荡方面更具能量效率。随着DBS装置的发展，这种闭环刺激的效率可以在动物模型和临床中得到验​​证。闭环算法是将滤波后的GPe-LFP的线性延迟反馈与从GPe到GPi的建模突触动力学相乘。因此，形成的刺激波形像突触电流一样，在抑制GPiβ谱带振荡方面比开环连续DBS具有更高的能源效率。随着DBS装置的发展，这种闭环刺激的效率可以在动物模型和临床中得到证实。