In medical applications, sensing forces along surgical tools is of high importance in order to avoid collateral damage of tissue and surrounding structures. However, the space available in their central lumen limits the routing of wired sensors that are widely available today, and thus their integration into such tools. In this paper, we present a new wireless force sensor based on wave backscattering that reflects electromagnetic waves with phase changes that are directly related to the applied force magnitude and location. The proposed sensor can sense force magnitudes with an average error of 0.01 N and a standard deviation of 0.49 N, and their application location with an average error of −0.33 mm and a standard deviation of 0.82 mm. The sensor also has the potential to be translated to applications beyond medical instruments, including applications involving a large number of sensors and situations where wire routing is challenging due to the environment in which they are used.

中文翻译：

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面向医疗应用的基于波后向散射的无线力传感器

在医学应用中，沿手术工具的感测力非常重要，以避免组织和周围结构的附带损害。但是，其中心管腔中可用的空间限制了当今广泛使用的有线传感器的布线，因此将它们集成到此类工具中。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于波后向散射的新型无线力传感器，该传感器可反射电磁波，其相位变化与施加的力的大小和位置直接相关。所提出的传感器可以感测到的力大小具有0.01 N的平均误差和0.49 N的标准偏差，并且它们的应用位置具有-0.33 mm的平均误差和0.82 mm的标准偏差。该传感器还具有转化为医疗器械以外的应用的潜力，