Keeping regular medical appointments is a key indicator of patient engagement in diabetes care. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) miss their regular medical appointments. In order to prevent and delay diabetes-related complications, it is essential to understand the factors associated with missed appointments among adults with T2DM. We synthesized evidence concerning factors associated with missed appointments among adults with T2DM. Using five electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO and Web of Science, a systematic literature search was done to identify studies that describe factors related to missed appointments by adults with T2DM. A total of 18 articles met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies included in this review were cohort studies using medical records. While more than half of the studies were of high quality, the operational definitions of missed appointments varied greatly across studies. Factors associated with missed appointments were categorized as patient characteristics, healthcare system and provider factors and interpersonal factors with inconsistent findings. Patient characteristics was the most commonly addressed category, followed by health system and provider factors. Only three studies addressed interpersonal factors, two of which were qualitative. An increasing number of people live with one or more chronic conditions which require more careful attention to patient-centered care and support. Future research is warranted to address interpersonal factors from patient perspectives to better understand the underlying causes of missed appointments among adults with T2DM.

中文翻译：

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与成人 2 型糖尿病患者未就诊相关的因素：系统评价

保持定期医疗预约是患者参与糖尿病护理的关键指标。尽管如此，很大一部分患有 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 的成年人错过了他们的常规医疗预约。为了预防和延迟糖尿病相关并发症，必须了解与 T2DM 成人患者错过约会相关的因素。我们综合了与 T2DM 成人患者错过约会相关因素的证据。使用五个电子数据库，包括 PubMed、Embase、护理和相关健康文献累积索引、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science，进行了系统的文献搜索，以确定描述与 T2DM 成人错过约会相关因素的研究。共有18篇文章符合纳入标准。本综述中包括的大多数研究是使用医疗记录的队列研究。虽然超过一半的研究是高质量的，但在不同研究中对错过约会的操作定义差异很大。与错过预约相关的因素被归类为患者特征、医疗保健系统和提供者因素以及结果不一致的人际关系因素。患者特征是最常提及的类别，其次是卫生系统和提供者因素。只有三项研究涉及人际因素，其中两项是定性的。越来越多的人患有一种或多种慢性病，需要更加仔细地关注以患者为中心的护理和支持。