The researchers are paying more attention to the role of gut commensal bacteria in health development beyond the classical pathogens. It has been widely demonstrated that dysbiosis, which means the alternations of the gut microbial structure, is closely associated with development of intestinal chronic inflammation-related diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and even infectious diseases including bacterial and viral infection. Thus, for reshaping ecological balance, a growing body of the literatures have proposed numerous strategies to modulate the structure of the gut microbiota, which provide more revelation for amelioration of these inflammation or infection-related diseases. While the ameliorative effects of traditional probiotics seem negligeable, emerging next generation probiotics (NGPs) start to receive great attention as new preventive and therapeutic tools. Encouragingly, within the last decade, the intestinal symbiotic bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii has emerged as the “sentinel of the gut,” with multifunction of anti-inflammation, gut barrier enhancement, and butyrate production. A lower abundance of F. prausnitzii has been shown in IBD, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), and virus infection such as COVID-19. It is reported that intervention with higher richness of F. prausnitzii through dietary modulation, fecal microbiota transplantation, or culture strategy can protect the mice or the subjects from inflammatory diseases. Therefore, F. prausnitzii may have potential ability to reduce microbial translocation and inflammation, preventing occurrences of gastrointestinal comorbidities especially in COVID-19 patients.

中文翻译：

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Faecalibacterium prausnitzii：改善肠道疾病的新一代益生菌

研究人员越来越关注肠道共生细菌在经典病原体之外的健康发展中的作用。广泛证明，营养不良，即肠道微生物结构的改变，与肠道慢性炎症相关疾病（如炎性肠病（IBD），甚至包括细菌和病毒感染在内的传染性疾病的发展密切相关。因此，为了重塑生态平衡，越来越多的文献提出了许多策略来调节肠道菌群的结构，这为减轻这些炎症或感染相关疾病提供了更多的启示。传统益生菌的改善作用似乎微不足道，新兴的下一代益生菌（NGP）作为新的预防和治疗工具开始受到广泛关注。令人鼓舞的是，在过去十年中，肠道共生细菌Faecalibacterium prausnitzii已成为“肠道前哨”，具有抗发炎，增强肠道屏障和生成丁酸盐的功能。在IBD，艰难梭菌感染（CDI）和病毒感染（例如COVID-19）中显示了较低的F. prausnitzii丰度。据报道，通过饮食调节，粪便微生物菌群移植或培养策略以更高的浓度富集了F. prausnitzii，可以保护小鼠或受试者免受炎症性疾病的侵害。因此，prausnitzii可能具有减少微生物易位和炎症的潜在能力，特别是在COVID-19患者中，可以预防胃肠道合并症的发生。