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Evaluation of sample collection and transport strategies to enhance yield, accessibility, and biosafety of COVID-19 RT-PCR testing
medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2021-03-05 , DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.03.21251172
Padmapriya Banada , David Elson , Naranjargal Daivaa , Claire Park , Samuel Desind , Ibsen Montalvan , Robert Kwiatkowski , Soumitesh Chakravorty , David Alland , Yingda L. Xie

Sensitive, accessible, and biosafe sampling methods for COVID-19 reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays are needed for frequent and widespread testing. We systematically evaluated diagnostic yield across different sample collection and transport workflows, including the incorporation of a viral inactivation buffer. We prospectively collected nasal swabs, oral swabs, and saliva, from 52 COVID-19 RT-PCR-confirmed patients, and nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs from 37 patients. Nasal and oral swabs were placed in both viral transport media (VTM) and eNAT, a sterilizing transport buffer, prior to testing with the Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 (Xpert) test. The sensitivity of each sampling strategy was compared using a composite positive standard. Overall, swab specimens collected in eNAT showed superior sensitivity compared to swabs in VTM (70% vs 57%, P=0.0022). Direct saliva 90.5%, (95% CI: 82%, 95%), followed by NP swabs in VTM and saliva in eNAT, was significantly more sensitive than nasal swabs in VTM (50%, P<0.001) or eNAT (67.8%, P=0.0012) and oral swabs in VTM (50%, P<0.0001) or eNAT (56%, P<0.0001). Saliva and use of eNAT buffer each increased detection of SARS-CoV-2 with the Xpert test; however, no single sample matrix identified all positive cases.

中文翻译:

评估样本收集和运输策略以提高 COVID-19 RT-PCR 检测的产量、可及性和生物安全性

频繁和广泛的测试需要用于 COVID-19 逆转录酶聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 分析的灵敏、可及且生物安全的采样方法。我们系统地评估了不同样本收集和运输工作流程中的诊断产量,包括病毒灭活缓冲液的掺入。我们前瞻性地收集了 52 名 COVID-19 RT-PCR 确诊患者的鼻拭子、口腔拭子和唾液,以及 37 名患者的鼻咽 (NP) 拭子。在使用 Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 (Xpert) 测试进行测试之前,将鼻和口腔拭子放入病毒转运培养基 (VTM) 和 eNAT(一种消毒转运缓冲液)中。使用复合阳性标准比较每个采样策略的灵敏度。总体,与 VTM 中的拭子相比,eNAT 中收集的拭子标本显示出更高的灵敏度(70% 对 57%,P=0.0022)。直接唾液 90.5% (95% CI: 82%, 95%),其次是 VTM 中的 NP 拭子和 eNAT 中的唾液,明显比 VTM 中的鼻拭子 (50%, P<0.001) 或 eNAT (67.8%) 更敏感, P=0.0012) 和 VTM (50%, P<0.0001) 或 eNAT (56%, P<0.0001) 中的口腔拭子。唾液和 eNAT 缓冲液的使用都增加了 Xpert 测试对 SARS-CoV-2 的检测;然而,没有一个样本矩阵能识别所有阳性病例。唾液和 eNAT 缓冲液的使用都增加了 Xpert 测试对 SARS-CoV-2 的检测;然而,没有一个样本矩阵能识别所有阳性病例。唾液和 eNAT 缓冲液的使用都增加了 Xpert 测试对 SARS-CoV-2 的检测;然而,没有一个样本矩阵能识别所有阳性病例。
更新日期:2021-03-05
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