Paramyxoviruses, negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, pose a potential threat to public health. Currently, 78 species and 17 genera of paramyxoviruses are classified and harbored by multiple natural reservoirs, including rodents, bats, birds, reptiles, and fish. Jeilongvirus has been proposed as a novel paramyxovirus genus containing J-, Beilong, and Tailam viruses, found in wild rodents. Using RT-PCR, 824 Apodemus agrarius individuals were examined for the prevalence of paramyxovirus infections. Paramyxovirus RNA was detected in 108 (13.1%) rodents captured at 14 trapping sites in Korea. We first present two genetically distinct novel paramyxoviruses (genus Jeilongvirus), Paju Apodemus paramyxoviruses 1 (PAPV-1) and 2 (PAPV-2), from A. agrarius. Six PAPV strains were completely sequenced using next-generation and Sanger sequencing. PAPV-1 genome comprised 19,716 nucleotides, with eight genes (3-N-P/V/C-M-F-SH-TM-G-L-5), whereas PAPV-2 genome contained 17,475 nucleotides, with seven genes (3-N-P/V/C-M-F-TM-G-L-5). The disparity between PAPV-1 and -2 revealed the presence of the SH gene and length of the G gene in the genome organization. The phylogenies of PAPV-1 and -2 belong to distinct genetic lineages of Jeilongvirus despite being from the same natural host. PAPV-1 clustered with Beilong and Tailam viruses, while PAPV-2 formed a genetic lineage with Mount Mabu Lophuromys virus-1. PAPV-1 infected human epithelial and endothelial cells, facilitating the induction of type I/III interferons, interferon-stimulated genes, and proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, this study provides profound insights into the molecular epidemiology, virus-host interactions, and zoonotic potential of novel rodent-borne paramyxoviruses.

中文翻译：

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大韩民国Apodemus agrarius藏有的新型Paju Apodemus副粘病毒1和2

副粘病毒是负义单链RNA病毒，对公共健康构成潜在威胁。目前，副粘病毒的78个物种和17属被多个天然水库分类和藏匿，其中包括啮齿动物，蝙蝠，鸟类，爬行动物和鱼类。吉隆病毒已被提议作为一种新的副粘病毒属，包含在野生啮齿动物中发现的J-，北龙和泰拉姆病毒。使用RT-PCR，检查了824个黑线姬鼠个体副粘病毒感染的患病率。在韩国的14个诱捕位点捕获的108只（13.1％）啮齿动物中检测到副粘病毒RNA。我们首先介绍两种遗传上不同的新型副粘病毒（属吉隆病毒属），来自A. agrarius的Paju Apodemus副粘病毒1（PAPV-1）和2（PAPV-2）。使用下一代测序和Sanger测序对6个PAPV菌株进行了完全测序。PAPV-1基因组包含19,716个核苷酸，具有八个基因（3-NP / V / CMF-SH-TM-GL-5），而PAPV-2基因组包含17,475个核苷酸，具有七个基因（3-NP / V / CMF- TM-GL-5）。PAPV-1和-2之间的差异揭示了基因组组织中SH基因的存在和G基因的长度。尽管来自相同的自然宿主，PAPV-1和-2的系统发育仍属于杰隆病毒的不同遗传谱系。PAPV-1聚集有北龙病毒和Tailam病毒，而PAPV-2与马布山造毛虫病毒1形成了遗传谱系。PAPV-1感染人的上皮和内皮细胞，有助于诱导I / III型干扰素，干扰素刺激的基因和促炎细胞因子。因此，这项研究为分子流行病学，病毒与宿主之间的相互作用，