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Semantics-guided Skeletonization of Sweet Cherry Trees for Robotic Pruning
arXiv - CS - Robotics Pub Date : 2021-03-04 , DOI: arxiv-2103.02833
Alexander You, Cindy Grimm, Abhisesh Silwal, Joseph R. Davidson

Dormant pruning for fresh market fruit trees is a relatively unexplored application of agricultural robotics for which few end-to-end systems exist. One of the biggest challenges in creating an autonomous pruning system is the need to reconstruct a model of a tree which is accurate and informative enough to be useful for deciding where to cut. One useful structure for modeling a tree is a skeleton: a 1D, lightweight representation of the geometry and the topology of a tree. This skeletonization problem is an important one within the field of computer graphics, and a number of algorithms have been specifically developed for the task of modeling trees. These skeletonization algorithms have largely addressed the problem as a geometric one. In agricultural contexts, however, the parts of the tree have distinct labels, such as the trunk, supporting branches, etc. This labeled structure is important for understanding where to prune. We introduce an algorithm which produces such a labeled skeleton, using the topological and geometric priors associated with these labels to improve our skeletons. We test our skeletonization algorithm on point clouds from 29 upright fruiting offshoot (UFO) trees and demonstrate a median accuracy of 70% with respect to a human-evaluated gold standard. We also make point cloud scans of 82 UFO trees open-source to other researchers. Our work represents a significant first step towards a robust tree modeling framework which can be used in an autonomous pruning system.

中文翻译:

语义引导的甜樱桃树骨架化技术

新鲜市场果树的休眠修剪是农业机器人技术的一个相对未开发的应用,其端对端系统很少。创建自主修剪系统的最大挑战之一是需要重建一棵树的模型,该模型必须足够准确和有用,才能决定在哪里砍伐。一种用于对树建模的有用结构是骨架:一维,轻量级表示树的几何形状和拓扑结构。这个骨架化问题是计算机图形学领域中的一个重要问题,并且已经针对树的建模任务专门开发了许多算法。这些骨架化算法在很大程度上解决了几何问题。但是,在农业环境中,树的各个部分具有不同的标签,例如树干,支持分支等。此标记的结构对于理解修剪位置非常重要。我们介绍了一种算法,该算法使用与这些标签关联的拓扑和几何先验来生成这样的标记骨骼,从而改善我们的骨骼。我们在29颗直立果枝(UFO)树上的点云上测试了骨架化算法,并证明了相对于人工评估的金标准,其中值准确度为70%。我们还对其他研究人员开放源代码的82颗UFO树进行了点云扫描。我们的工作代表了朝着可以在自动修剪系统中使用的健壮的树建模框架迈出的重要的第一步。使用与这些标签相关的拓扑和几何先验来改善我们的骨骼。我们在29颗直立果枝(UFO)树上的点云上测试了骨架化算法,并证明了相对于人工评估的金标准,其中值准确度为70%。我们还对其他研究人员开放源代码的82颗UFO树进行了点云扫描。我们的工作代表了朝着可以在自动修剪系统中使用的健壮的树建模框架迈出的重要的第一步。使用与这些标签相关的拓扑和几何先验来改善我们的骨骼。我们在29棵直立果枝(UFO)树上的点云上测试了骨架化算法,并证明了相对于人工评估的金标准,其中值精度为70%。我们还对其他研究人员开放源代码的82颗UFO树进行了点云扫描。我们的工作代表了朝着可以在自动修剪系统中使用的健壮的树建模框架迈出的重要的第一步。
更新日期:2021-03-05
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