电动汽车废锂离子电池中锂，钴，镍和锰的闭环回收,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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电动汽车废锂离子电池中锂，钴，镍和锰的闭环回收
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 8.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-04 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06869
Ka Ho Chan ₁ , John Anawati ₁ , Monu Malik ₁ , Gisele Azimi _{1,

2}

Affiliation

随着人们对保护城市环境的意识不断提高，以及对战略材料的需求不断增加，消费后锂离子电池的回收已成为当务之急。这项研究旨在从电动汽车废锂离子电池的LiNi _0.15 Mn _0.15 Co _0.70 O ₂正极材料中回收锂，钴，镍和锰。通过基于实验设计和响应面方法的系统性实验和理论方法，确定了HCl和H ₂ SO ₄ + H ₂ O ₂之间的最佳浸出液以及最佳操作条件。用1.0 MH ₂ SO进行浸出₄以0.68 wt％的H ₂ O ₂以25.8 mL g ^–1的液-固比和51°C的温度混合60分钟，导致全部四种金属的回收率约100％。浸出后，钴，镍和锰共沉淀为Ni _0.15 Mn _0.15 Co _0.70（OH）₂在pH高于11时，锂以碳酸锂的形式沉淀。这些沉淀物被混合并烧结以产生新的阴极材料，该阴极材料被用于制造具有高电化学性能的电池。电动汽车用过的锂离子电池的价格稳定化可以保护自然资源和保护生态系统，这两者都可以实现生物圈的长期可持续性，同时又为循环经济做出了贡献。

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Closed-Loop Recycling of Lithium, Cobalt, Nickel, and Manganese from Waste Lithium-Ion Batteries of Electric Vehicles

With the growing awareness to protect the urban environment and the increasing demand for strategic materials, recycling of postconsumer lithium-ion batteries has become imperative. This study aims to recover lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese from a LiNi_0.15Mn_0.15Co_0.70O₂ cathode material of spent lithium-ion batteries of an electric vehicle. By utilizing systematic experimental and theoretical approaches based on the design of experiment and response surface methodology, the best leachant between HCl and H₂SO₄ + H₂O₂ and the optimal operating conditions are determined. Leaching with 1.0 M H₂SO₄ mixed with 0.62 wt % H₂O₂ at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 25.8 mL g^–1 and a temperature of 51 °C for 60 min results in ∼100% recovery of all four metals. After leaching, cobalt, nickel, and manganese are coprecipitated as Ni_0.15Mn_0.15Co_0.70(OH)₂ at pH above 11, while lithium is precipitated as lithium carbonate. These precipitates are mixed and sintered to generate a new cathode material, which is used to make a battery with high electrochemical performance. Valorization of spent lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles enables conserving natural resources and protecting ecosystems, both of which enable the long-term sustainability of the biosphere while at the same time contributing to the circular economy.

更新日期：2021-03-29

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