Widespread unemployment, job displacement, and income loss have characterized the lives of millions since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Around the world, early findings show that effects of the recent COVID-19 crisis are not equally distributed (e.g., Bartik et al. 2020; Cortes and Forsythe 2020). People of color and women with caregiving responsibilities are bearing the brunt of the pandemic in the United States and around the globe. Early in the pandemic, the U.S. unemployment rate for women 16–19 years of age hovered at 36.6 percent in contrast to 27.6 percent of men of the same age (Congressional Research Service [CRS] 2020a). The incidence of job loss was higher among women from racial and ethnic minority groups than among whites, with unemployment rates among Black and Hispanic women reaching double digits in September 2020 (Bureau of Labor Statistics 2020). During the last month of 2020, all of the job losses were sustained by women of color (Kurtz 2021). Millions of women with children were forced to reduce their paid work (Collins et al. 2020) and leave employment (Alon et al. 2020; Bateman and Ross 2020; Heggeness 2020) as result of school and child care center closures, social distancing measures, and reduced availability of child care provision.

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COVID-19的性别影响：经验教训和思考

自2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行以来，广泛的失业，工作流离失所和收入损失已成为千百万人的生活的特征。在全球范围内，早期发现表明，最近发生的COVID-19危机的影响分布不均（例如，Bartik等人，2020年； Cortes和Forsythe，2020年）。有色人种和负有照料责任的妇女在美国乃至全球首当其冲。在大流行初期，美国16-19岁女性的失业率徘徊在36.6％，而同龄男性的失业率为27.6％（美国国会研究服务[CRS] 2020a）。种族和少数族裔妇女的失业率高于白人，2020年9月，黑人和西班牙裔妇女的失业率达到两位数（劳动统计局2020）。在2020年的最后一个月中，所有失业都由有色女性承担（Kurtz 2021）。由于学校和儿童保育中心关闭，社会隔离措施，数以百万计的有子女的妇女被迫减少有薪工作（Collins等，2020）并离开工作（Alon等，2020； Bateman和Ross，2020； Heggeness，2020）。 ，并减少了提供托儿服务的机会。