The supply of safe drinking water is one of the prominent challenges of the world. Water is polluted mainly by chemical and biological toxins which can causes a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. Regular monitoring of chemical and biological toxins in water sources is the primary step in any preventive method. Traditional detection methods include adsorption and chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The devices based on these techniques are not easy to be carried for on-site detection and require laborious sample preparation protocols. However, advancements in nanomaterial-based sensors have provided solutions to these challenges. Recent developments in plasmonic sensors lead to extraordinary advancements in the area of ultra-sensitive detection at the single particle or molecular level. Noble metal nanoparticles of gold (Au) and silver (Ag) exhibit excellent plasmonic properties and have been applied for the selective and label-free detection of very low concentrations of aquatic pollutants. The present review represent the progress made towards the development and application of plasmonic nanosensors, specifically gold and silver nanoparticle-based sensors for the detection and quantification of various pollutants and contaminations in water. The design and fabrication of plasmonic nanosensors were given emphasis as it is fundamental in enhancing their affinity towards specific pollutant of interest. The effectiveness of plasmonic sensors in reducing the use of expensive instruments while enabling on-site multifunctional detection of toxin contaminants and also the future potential of plasmonic sensors will be highlighted.

安全饮用水的供应是世界面临的重大挑战之一。水主要受到化学和生物毒素的污染，可能对生态系统和人类健康造成严重威胁。定期监测水源中的化学和生物毒素是任何预防方法的主要步骤。传统的检测方法包括吸附和色谱结合质谱。基于这些技术的设备不便于携带用于现场检测，并且需要费力的样品制备方案。但是，基于纳米材料的传感器的进步为这些挑战提供了解决方案。等离子体传感器的最新发展导致在单个颗粒或分子水平的超灵敏检测领域取得了非凡的进步。金（Au）和银（Ag）的贵金属纳米粒子具有出色的等离子体特性，已被用于选择性和无标记的极低浓度水生污染物检测。本综述代表了等离子纳米传感器，特别是基于金和银纳米颗粒的传感器的开发和应用所取得的进展，该传感器用于检测和量化水中的各种污染物和污染物。等离子体等离子体传感器的设计和制造受到重视，因为它对于增强其对特定污染物的亲和力至关重要。等离子体等离子体传感器在减少昂贵仪器的使用的同时，还可以实现毒素污染物的现场多功能检测，以及等离子体等离子体传感器的未来潜力，在此方面的有效性将得到重视。