This paper focuses on studying how the industrial symbiosis members determine the optimal production plan after weighing the demand for core products and the supply and demand of waste. Considering the government waste disposal tax, optimal solutions of two manufacturers who have the potential in achieving waste symbiosis are derived from different supply-demand relations of waste. Then, we find that the relationship between supply and demand is mainly affected by the price sensitivity of the customer in the downstream market, and the optimal solutions of each manufacturer are also affected by the other's cost factors or price sensitivities under certain circumstances. Besides, by comparing the optimal solutions under the mode of zero waste reduction, mode of waste reduction, and mode of industrial symbiosis, we find that when the customer in the downstream market is relatively sensitive to the price, and the price of raw materials is relatively high, both manufacturers are willing to choose industrial symbiosis. Also, a numerical study is introduced to understand the impact of waste reduction and industrial symbiosis on the total social welfare and the environmental benefit from the perspective of the government.

本文重点研究工业共生成员在权衡核心产品需求和废物供求后如何确定最佳生产计划。考虑到政府的废物处置税，有可能实现废物共生的两家制造商的最佳解决方案是根据不同的废物供求关系得出的。然后，我们发现供需之间的关系主要受下游市场中客户的价格敏感性影响，并且在某些情况下，每个制造商的最优解决方案还受到其他制造商的成本因素或价格敏感性的影响。此外，通过比较在零废物减少模式，废物减少模式和工业共生模式下的最佳解决方案，我们发现，当下游市场的客户对价格相对敏感，而原材料的价格相对较高时，两家制造商都愿意选择产业共生。此外，还进行了一项数值研究，以从政府的角度了解废物减少和工业共生对总的社会福利和环境利益的影响。